泌尿系结石病因学的研究进展

泌尿系结石是泌尿外科最常见的疾病之一，在泌尿外科住院患者中居首位。虽然微创治疗改变了传统的治疗方法，但是治疗后可能存在的较高的残石率和复发率仍是泌尿外科医师所面临的重要问题。目前个体化治疗是结石的治疗方向。针对其病因、相关危险因素及机体代谢方面的研究受到重视。作者就此相关方面的研究进展作一综述，拟为结石个体化治疗提供方向。

Research progress of the etiology related to urolithiasis

Urolithiasis is the common health problem. A considerable percentage of patients experience recurrent kidney stones with pain and urinary tract infections and even cause renal insufficiency. The high prevalence and the recurrence rate are the key problem to the treatment. It is a multifactorial disease. Research the etiology of the urolithiasis, prevention and control the disease become the hot issues. The paper to review the new research of the risk factor, such as: gender, age, environment, metabolism, and so on.