小白鼠甲状腺神经节的形态学观察

应用镀银、硫堇及HE染色法和石蜡连续切片,可见不同鼠龄小白鼠甲状腺内侧缘上端与喉肌之间存在有类似典型的植物性神经节结构。此外,节的附近偶有散在的单个神经节细胞。神经节的位置、数量及大小个体不一,节的外面通常具有结缔组织的被膜,膜的胶原纤难向节内延伸成网、基质内有神经节细胞、神经胶质细胞和毛细血管。此外,尚有穿过节的有髓神经纤维等。神经节细胞散在分布,但以节的边缘为多,为多极神经元,胞体卵圆或不规则,尼氏小体呈细颗粒状,边缘较多,神经原纤维纤细世网。细胞核偏位,大而圆,染色质稀少呈空泡状,核仁明显,1—2个,此外核内尚有数个染色质聚集的不规则小块。幼龄小鼠可见双核神经节细胞。胞体外围有卫星细胞(被囊细胞)形成的被囊。神经节附近有甲状腺动脉、静脉主干同时出现,并显示为神经通路上(或稍偏离)之膨大结构,由其分出节前纤维进入节内,与神经节细胞形成突触。神经节内有错综交织的节前、后纤维及树突形成的神经网。研究表明小白鼠甲状腺附近存在有副交感神经节,其节后纤维分布有待进一步研究。

A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE NERVE GANGLIA IN THYROID GLAND OF THE MOUSE

By using several staining mathods (silver impregnation, thionine stain, and H-E stain)and serial paraffin sectioning, it has been possible todemon strate the existence of nerve ganglion or nerve cells on the surface of the thyroid gland in mice of different age. The position and number of gangila as well as their size are variable. Ordinarily the ganglion is covered by a thin capsule which extends into the ganglion to form It network in which gangliocytes, neuroglial Cells, capillaries and myelinated nerve fibers are found. The gangliocytes are dispersed mostly in the periphery. The neurons are oval or irregular in shape. Their cytoplasm contains abundant granular Nissl bodies beneath the cell membrane, neurofilaments are very fine. The nuclei are spherical, large, and palely stained, with one or two nucleoli and several irregularly aggregations of chromatin. Most nuclei are eccentric, binuclear gangliocytes are also found, notably in young animals. The cell body of gangliocyte is enveloped by a capsule of stellate cells(capsule cells). The ganglion is usually a bulb-like enlargement on the nerve of thyroid gland. Preganglionic fibers run into the ganglion and form synapses with the gangliocytes, including their dendrites. The result of this study suggests the parasympathetic nature of the ganglia. The distribution of the postganglionic fibers will be further studied.