深圳市35间普惠式托幼机构膳食调查分析

目的 对深圳市托幼机构膳食结构进行调查分析。方法 采取整群抽样的方法，以深圳市某辖区内35间普惠式幼儿园作为研究对象，分析学龄前儿童在园膳食情况。结果 35间幼儿园食物构成合理，各类食物平均每日供应总量为754.3（±55.37）g，大豆及豆制品供应不足，水果、鱼虾类、奶类及食用油供应水平低下水平，而畜禽肉类超量供应；不同级别托幼机构学龄前儿童各类食物每日人均摄入量及总量差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；日均摄入能量合计为（979.82±96.06） kcal，占RNI或AI的75.37%；蛋白质和碳水化合物供能构成比较高，脂肪供能比例合理。结论 深圳市辖区内35所普惠式托幼机构膳食结构不甚合理，三大产能营养素提供的总热量仍显不足，供能比例不平衡，提高膳食管理制度运行质量可改善现状。

Dietary survey and analysis of 35 Pratt & Whitney nurseries in Shenzhen City

Objective To investigate and analyze the dietary pattern of nurseries in Shenzhen. Methods A cluster sampling method was used, with 35 Pratt & Whitney nurseries in a certain area under the administration of Shenzhen City as the sample, to analyze the preschool children's dietary pattern in the nurseries. Results The food composition in 35 kindergartens was reasonable. The average daily supply of all kinds of food totaled 754.3 (±55.37) g. The supply of soybeans and soy products was insufficient, while the supply of fruits, fish and shrimp, milk and cooking oil was at a low level. However, the supply of poultry and livestock meat was excessive; the differences in daily intake and total daily intake of various types of food by preschool children among kindergartens of different levels were all statistically significant (P<0.05); daily intake of energy totaled 979.82±96.06 kcal, accounting for 75.37% of RNI or AI; protein and carbohydrate were relatively high in the composition of energy supply, and the proportion of fat in energy supply was reasonable. Conclusion The dietary pattern of 35 Pratt & Whitney nurseries in Shenzhen area is not reasonable. The total calories provided by the three major energy-yielding nutrients are still insufficient, and the proportion of energy supply is unbalanced. The status quo can be improved by improving the operational quality of the diet management system.