广州市12岁学生恒牙患龋状况分析

目的 掌握广州市12岁儿童口腔健康状况，为有针对性的开展儿童口腔疾病预防工作提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取广州市6个区共1 423名12岁学生，通过现场口腔检查收集数据进行分析。结果 广州市12岁儿童恒牙患龋率为29.87%（425/1423），龋均为0.63，充填率为27.00%（240/889）。显著性龋均指数（SiC）为1.88。患龋率及龋均分别与2008年持平（均P＞0.05）。充填率高于2008年调查的14.95%（P＜0.01）。恒牙患龋率（%）和龋均表现为女生34.56%（207/599）,0.75]高于男生26.46%（218/824）,0.54]，农村48.88%（131/268）,1.16]高于城市25.45%（294/1 155）,0.50]（均P＜0.01）。12岁儿童恒牙充填率为27.00%（240/889），城市34.54%（200/579）高于农村12.90%（40/310）（P＜0.01）。结论 广州市12岁儿童患龋率较高，存在性别和城乡差异，口腔预防工作重点对象在农村儿童。

Caries status among children aged 12-years in Guangzhou City

Objective To master the oral health status and trend of children aged 12 in Guangzhou City, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of oral diseases in children. Methods Through the multi-stage stratified randomly sampling, a cross-sectional study on dental caries of children aged 12 in Guangzhouwas carried out.A total of 1423 students aged 12-year-old was examined for caries status with WHO criteria by calibrated examiners. Results 29.9% (425/1423) of children in Guangzhou aged 12-year-old with caries experience(DMFT>0) and their DMFT was 0.63. About 27.00%(240/889) of their decay was filled. And the significant caries index was 1.88. There was no significant differences in the caries prevalence and the mean DMFT of permanent teeth (P>0.05) between 2008 and 2015, while the filling rate was increased from 14.95% to 27.00%. The prevalence rate of girls' permanent teeth caries and the mean DMFT 34.6% (207/599), 0.75] were higher than that of boys'26.5% (218/824), 0.54] (P<0.01). While the prevalence rate of permanent teeth caries and the mean DMFT among children in rural area 48.9% (131/268), 1.16] were higher than that of children in urban area 25.5% (294/1155), 0.50] (P<0.01)， but the filling rate of urban 34.54% (200/579)] was higher than that in rural 12.90%(40/310)] (P<0.01). Conclusion No significant difference was found in the caries prevalence of permanent teeth from 2008 to 2015. The prevalence of dental caries was different in sex,urban and rural areas. The oral prevention work should focus on the rural children.