河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫病流行现状分析

目的 了解河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫的流行现状,为制定本省蠕虫病防治措施提供依据。方法 2014年至2015年按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的要求,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取35个县的104个点,采用改良加藤厚涂片法开展肠道蠕虫检查,试管滤纸培养法鉴别美洲钩虫与十二指肠钩虫,3~9岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵和带绦虫卵。结果 河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫总感染率为1.48%,标化率为1.30%,不同肠道蠕虫间感染率差异有统计学意义x2=1 113.669,P＜0.001),其中蛲虫感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=168.647,P＜0.001);居民肠道蠕虫感染率与二次寄调相比也有大幅下降。不同年龄组间肠道蠕虫感染率差异有统计学意义(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=142.775,P＜0.001),且0～9岁年龄组感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=31.148,P＜0.001);不同职业人群中学龄前儿童肠道蠕虫感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=83.397,P＜0.001),且感染虫种均以蛲虫为主,不同文化程度居民间肠道蠕虫感染率差别有统计学意义且感染率随文化程度升高呈下降趋势(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=159.603,P＜0.001)(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=110.548,P＜0.001)。结论 河南省居民肠道蠕虫感染率大幅下降,儿童蛲虫感染应为今后寄生虫病防治重点。

Prevalence of intestinal helminth in rural residents of Henan Province

Objective To understand the epidemic status of intestinal helminth in rural residents of Henan Province,so as to provide a basis for intestinal helminth prevention and control in Henan. Methods According to the implementing regulations of National Survey Scheme on Major Human Parasitic Diseases,stratified cluster sampling was made to randomly select 104 rural survey spots in 35 counties(cities or districts)from 2014 to 2015.Modified Kato-Katz thick smear method was applied to detect the eggs of intestinal helminthes.Tube fecal culture method was used to identify the species of hookworm.The eggs of Enterobius vermicularis and Taenia saginata were detected in children aged 3 to 6 years old by adhesive tape technique. Results The infection rate of intestinal helminth in Henan Province was 1.48%,and the standardized infection rate was 1.30%.The differences in the infection rate between different intestinal helminths had statistical significance(x2=1113.669,P＜0.001),and the infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was the highest(x2=168.647,P＜0.001).The infection rate of intestinal helminths decreased sharply compared with the second investigation.The differences in the intestinal helminths infection rates among different age groups had statistical significance(x2=142.775,P＜0.001),with the peak in the age group of 0-9 years old(x2=31.148,P＜0.001).Among different occupations,the infection rate of intestinal helminth was highest in the preschool children(x2=83.397,P＜0.001)and Enterobius vermicularis was the major pathogen.Among populations with different educational levels,the differences of the intestinal helminths infection rates had statistical significance(x2=159.603,P＜0.001),with a downward trend along with the increasing of educational level(x2=110.548,P＜0.001). Conclusion The infection rate of intestinal helminths in Henan Province declined sharply,and Enterobius vermicularis infection in children should be the main point of prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in the future.