成都市外来务工人员超重和肥胖的流行现况分析

目的 了解成都市外来务工人员超重和肥胖的流行现况，为维持外来务工人员正常体重提供科学依据。方法 采用应答推动抽样方法，在成都市共抽取1 690名外来务工人员作为研究对象，对其进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 调查对象的超重率为29.53%，肥胖率为9.05%；男性超重率（32.08%）高于女性（26.59%）；40～49岁组超重率最高（39.55%），50～59岁组肥胖率最高（16.06%），超重、肥胖率大体随年龄增长而增加；小学文化及以下人群超重、肥胖率最高（39.54%和14.48%），且随文化程度增高而减小，以上差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；离婚者的超重率最高（37.29%），丧偶者的肥胖率最高（16.00%）；从事运输/仓储和邮政业的人群超重、肥胖率最高（36.84%和17.89%）。不同婚姻状态组间、不同职业组间超重、肥胖率差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 成都市外来务工人员的超重和肥胖检出率处于较低水平，但是男性、40～59岁、文化程度较低、离婚丧偶、从事运输/仓储和邮政业的人群超重和肥胖检出率相对较高，应重点关注，采取针对性措施加以防治。

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among migrant workers in Chengdu

Objective To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among migrant workers in Chengdu, and to provide scientific basis for maintaining normal weight among those people. Methods Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) method was adopted. A total of 1 690 migrant workers were sampled in Chengdu to conduct the questionnaire and physical examination. Results 499 (29.53%) of migrant workers were overweight, 153 (9.05%) of them were obese. The overweight rate of the male (32.08%) was higher than that in female (26.59%). Among the different age groups, the overweight rate was highest in the aged from 40 to 49 group (39.55%), and those aged from 50 to 59 group had the highest prevalence of obesity(16.06%). Furthermore, the rate of overweight and obesity increased with age. The participants with up to primary school education were most likely to be overweight(39.54%)and obese(14.48%), and the rate of overweight and obesity decreased as the degree of education increased. There were statistically significant differences in all comparations above(P<0.05). Among the different marital status groups, divorced persons had the highest rate of overweight(37.29%), and those who were widowed had the highest rate of obesity(16.00%). The rate of overweight(36.84%) and obesity(17.89%) were mostly prevalent in the group which were engaged in transportation, warehousing and postal services. There were statistically significant differences in distribution of both overweight and obesity among groups of marital status and occupations(P<0.05). Conclusion Low prevalence of overweight and obesity among migrant workers in Chengdu is evident. However, the epidemic situation is severer among those who are male,aged from 40 to 59,low educated, divorced/widowed and engaged in logistics. Therefore, more attention should be paid to those groups of people above, and targeted measures to control overweight and obesity should be in consideration.