云南省40岁及以上居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解云南省40岁及以上居民的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病情况及影响因素。方法 2014 - 2016年，采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法，在云南省5个监测点抽取40岁及以上常住居民3 000名进行调查，通过问卷、体测和肺功能检测获取调查对象的基本信息、个人及家族史、危险因素、COPD患病情况等，分析调查对象COPD的患病率及相关影响因素。结果 共获取有效样本3 000例，云南省40岁及以上居民COPD患病率为11.3%，其中男性患病率为16.7%，女性为5.1%；40～49岁、50～59岁、60～69岁、70岁及以上居民的患病率分别为4.4%、10.6%、19.1%、34.3%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，女性患病风险较低（OR = 0.276, OR95%CI = 0.203～0.375），而年龄较大（OR = 2.017, OR95%CI = 1.755～2.320）、有呼吸系统疾病家族史（OR = 1.760, OR95%CI = 1.292～2.397）是居民罹患COPD的危险因素。结论 云南省40岁及以上居民的COPD患病率高于全国平均水平，男性、年龄较大及有呼吸系统疾病家族史是患病的危险因素。

Prevalence and influencing factors of COPD among residents aged 40 and above in Yunnan Province

Objective To understand the influencing factors of COPD among residents aged 40 and above in Yunnan province. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 3000 permanent residents aged ≥40 in 2014-2016. The prevalence and influencing factors of COPD were analyzed by questionnaire, physical measurements and pulmonary function test. Results A total of 3000 cases were included in this study. The overall prevalence rate of COPD in residents aged 40 and above in Yunnan was 11.3% (male 16.7%, female 5.1%). The prevalence rates of residents aged 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70 and above were 4.4%, 10.6%, 19.1%, 34.3%, respectively. Multi-variate logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR=0.276, OR 95% C.I. = 0.203-0.37)，age (OR=2.017, OR 95% C.I. = 1.755-2.320) and family history of respiratory diseases（OR=1.760, OR 95% C.I.=1.292-2.397）are risk factors for COPD. Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in residents aged 40 and above in Yunnan is higher than the national average. Male, older age and family history of respiratory disease are risk factors for COPD.