儿童期虐待经历对大学生抑郁症状的影响:安全感和拒绝敏感性的中介作用

目的 考察大学生儿童期虐待经历对抑郁症状的影响，并分析安全感和拒绝敏感性的中介作用。方法 采用儿童期虐待问卷、安全感量表、拒绝敏感性问卷和流调中心用抑郁量表对677名大学生进行测查。结果 有47.7%的大学生在儿童期至少经历过一种类型的虐待，有无虐待经历的大学生在安全感、拒绝敏感性和抑郁症状上的得分差异有统计学意义（t = 3.74, P＜0.001; t = -4.85, P＜0.001; Z = -4.78, P＜0.001）；儿童期虐待直接正向预测抑郁症状β = 0.48(0.39～0.57), P＜0.001]；安全感和拒绝敏感性在儿童期虐待对抑郁症状的影响中发挥中介作用β = 0.21(0.14～0.28), P＜0.001; β = 0.04(0.01～0.06), P＜0.05; β = 0.02(0.01～0.03), P＜0.05]。结论 儿童期遭受过虐待的大学生更有可能出现抑郁症状；儿童期虐待可以通过降低大学生的安全感并提高拒绝敏感性进而增加大学生的抑郁症状。

Mediating roles of safety feelings and rejection sensitivity in the relationship between childhood abuse and depression symptoms among college students

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the mediating roles of safety feelings and rejection sensitivity in the relationship between childhood abuse and depression symptoms among college students. Methods Using convenient sampling method, we chose 677 college students and a questionnaire survey was applied. Results The prevalence of childhood abuse was 47.7%. The incidences of physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect were 25.6%, 37.8%, 9.5%, 40.3% and 21.6%, respectively． There were differences between safety feelings, rejection sensitivity and depression symptoms between experiencing childhood abuse or not. Childhood abuse had a directly and positive effect on depression symptoms β=0.48 (0.39-0.57), P<0.001]. Safety feelings and rejection sensitivity mediated partly the relationship between childhood abuse and depression symptoms β=0.21 (0.14-0.28), P<0.001; β=0.04 (0.01-0.06), P<0.05; β=0.02 (0.01-0.03), P<0.05]. Conclusion The college students who experienced childhood abuse might have higher depression symptoms. Childhood abuse was one of the risk factors for depression symptoms among college students. Safety feelings and rejection sensitivity played an important role in mediating the effect of childhood abuse on depression symptoms.