2 121例妇科手术患者焦虑抑郁症状现状和影响因素调查

目的 调查妇科手术患者的焦虑抑郁情况，并分析其影响因素。方法 应用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）对2 121例将进行妇科手术的患者进行调查。结果 妇科手术患者的焦虑抑郁总得分（9.39±5.50）分，焦虑评分（5.40±3.13）分，抑郁评分（4.00±3.08）分；妇科恶性肿瘤患者（外阴癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌）的焦虑发生率为31.40%～50.00%，抑郁发生率为13.31%～52.78%，良性疾病患者（子宫肌瘤、卵巢囊肿）的焦虑发生率为20.22%～20.39%，抑郁发生率为10.10%～11.59%，不同疾病间焦虑抑郁程度差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.001）；单因素方差分析结果显示妇科手术患者焦虑程度在年龄和学历方面差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），抑郁程度在学历方面差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。结论 妇科手术患者的焦虑抑郁水平均高于国内常模，恶性肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁程度高于良性疾病患者，其焦虑程度与学历和年龄有关，抑郁程度与学历有关。医务工作者应加强心理学知识的学习，针对患者的具体情况提供更专业、有效的心理干预。

Investigation and analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms and influencing factors in 2121 cases of gynecological surgery patients

Objective To investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression in gynecological surgery patients and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods The hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS) was used to investigate 2 121 cases of gynecologic operation. To analyze the anxiety, depression status and influence factors, as reference for the further implementation of professional psychological nursing intervention. Results The total score of anxiety and depression in gynecologic surgery patients was 9.39±5.50, anxiety score was 5.40±3.13, and depression score was 4.00±3.08. Patients with gynecological malignant tumor(vulva cancer,cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, carcinoma of endometriun) whose incidence of anxiety was 31.40%-50.00%, incidence of depression was 13.31%-52.78%, and patients with benign disease(myoma of uterus, ocarian benign tumor) whose incidence of anxiety was 20.22%-20.39%, incidence of depression was 10.10%-11.59%, and the level of anxiety and depression among different diseases was statistically significant(P<0.001). One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the anxiety degree of gynecological surgery patients had significant differences in age and education(P<0.05), and depression degree had significant differences in education (P<0.001). Conclusion The anxiety and depression levels of gynecologic surgery patients are higher than those of domestic norm, and level of anxiety and depression inpatients with malignant tumors was higher than patients with benign diseases. The degree of anxiety is related to education and age, and the degree of depression is related to education. Medical workers should strengthen the knowledge of psychological, provide professional and effective psychological intervention for patients' specific situation.