淄博市城区大气PM2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及来源分析

目的 了解淄博市城区大气PM2.5中的多环芳烃(PAHs)污染水平及特征，分析PAHs来源。方法 2017年采集淄博市城区大气中PM2.5颗粒物，用HPLC分析PM2.5颗粒样品中16种PAHs的含量水平，分析其变化规律，利用比值特征法解析PAHs来源。结果 除苊烯外，PM2.5中15种PAHs均有检出，全年PM2.5的平均值为0.087 mg/m3，范围为0.011～0.309 mg/m3；PAHs总含量范围为1.11～361 ng/m3，平均为33.7 ng/m3。 PM2.5和ΣPAHs的含量随季节的变化规律一致。全年中4环多环芳烃的含量随月份增加呈现下降的趋势；2～3环多环芳烃的含量相对稳定。5～6环多环芳烃含量先逐渐上升，在8月份达到峰值，8月份以后含量逐渐下降。淄博为石油化工为主的工业城市，大气PM2.5中多环芳烃受石油化工源及煤来源的综合影响。结论 淄博市大气PM2.5中PAHs冬季污染最为严重，对健康有较高的潜在风险。2017年经过秋冬大气污染治理，大气状况有了明显改善。

Characteristics and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM2.5 in Zibo City

Objective To investigate the pollution levels and characteristics of polycycle aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in the atmospheric PM2.5 in urban areas of Zibo, and thus to analyze the sources of PAHs. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected during 2017 in Zibo. 16 PAHs bounded to PM2.5 were analyzed by HPLC and their variations and sources were investigated. Results Except for acenaphthylene, the other 15 PAHs were detected in PM2.5 particles. The average content of PM2.5 was 0.087mg/m3,with the range of 0.011-0.309 mg/m3. The annual contents of total PAHs ranged was 1.11-361 ng/m3 with the mean content of total PAHs of 33.7 ng/m3. PM2.5 and ΣPAHs contents had same change trends with the seasons. The contents of 4-ring PAHs in the whole year decreased with the increase of month. The contents of 2-3 ring PAHs were relatively stable. The contents of 5-6 ring PAHs increased gradually and peaked in August, and the contents gradually declined after August. As an industrial city dominated by petrochemical industry, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 were influenced by petrochemical sources and coal sources in Zibo. Conclusion The pollution of PAHs in PM2.5 of Zibo city is the most serious in winter, and it has high potential risk to health. In 2017, after the air pollution control, the atmospheric conditions have improved significantly.