逆行岛状皮瓣或远端蒂皮瓣坏死的原因探讨及防治措施

目的 探讨逆行岛状皮瓣或远端蒂皮瓣在临床应用中坏死的原因及防治措施.方法 2000年6月至2009年6月,应用逆行岛状皮瓣及远端蒂皮瓣修复四肢皮肤软组织缺损120例,其中12例皮瓣发生不同程度坏死,分析其坏死原因.结果 120例中皮瓣完全成活108例,坏死12例.完全坏死3例,其中静脉回流障碍导致皮瓣坏死2例,动脉供血障碍致皮瓣坏死1例.部分坏死9例,其中掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣1例,指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复1例,胫后动脉内踝上皮支逆行岛状皮瓣4例,小腿内侧穿支逆行岛状皮瓣1例,腓浅神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣1例,远端蒂腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣1例,经清创换药达到痂下愈合7例,经切取邻近其它皮瓣再次修复坏死创面2例.结论 血液循环障碍是导致皮瓣坏死的主要原因,蒂部处理不当是导致皮瓣坏死不可忽视的重要原因.

Cause investigation and management of necrosis in reversed island flap or distally-pedicled flap

Objective To propose the cause and management of necrosis in reversed island flap or distally-pedicled flap. Methods From June 2000 to June 2009, 120 cases with skin and soft tissue defect were repaired using reversed island flap or distally-pedicled flap. In 12 cases the flaps partial necrosis, to analysis the cause of necrosis. Results One hundred and eight cases survived completely in 120 patients,flap necrosis in 12 cases. 3 cases fully necrosis, in which venous disorders cause flap necrosis in 2 cases, arterial blood disorder caused necrosis of flap in 1 case. Partial necrosis in 9 cases, in which dorsal metacarpal artery reversed island flap in 1 case, digital artery reversed island flap in 1 case, posterior tibial artery reversed island flap ankle epithelial branch in 4 cases, medial leg perforating branches of reversed island flap in 1 case, superficial peroneal nerve vascular reversed island flap island flap in 1 case, distally-pedicled based sural neurocutaneous flap in 1 case, after debridement and dressing change subeschar healed in 7 cases, by the other flaps were cut close to rerepair necrotic wounds in 2 cases. Conclusion Blood circulation barrier is the main reason to flap necrosis, improper handling of pedicle is another important reason of flap necrosis,which cannot be ignored.