中日两国医疗服务利用及效果分析

对中日过去10年的有关国民经济和社会发展指标进行了比较分析，发现：（1）2002年，日本的国内生产总值（GDP）是中国的3．2倍，人均GDP是中国的32．3倍；（2）日本1961年实现了国民皆保险，2003年中国城市没有医疗保障的人口为44．8％，农村没有医疗保障的人口为79．1％；（3）日本人均卫生费用约是中国的56倍；（4）中国的全国卫生总费用年度发展速度约是日本国民医疗费用年度发展速度的5．2倍。同期，日本国民对门诊服务和住院服务的利用都在上升，而中国的两项指标都呈下降趋势；（5）2000年日本国民医疗费用个人负担部分为14．8％，2001年中国国民医疗费用个人负担的部分超过60．8％；（6）2000年中国男性人均期望寿命相当于日本男性1970～1971年的水平，女性期望寿命相当于日本女性1965～1966年的水平，婴儿死亡率略低于日本60年代的水平。

Comparison of medical care delivery and its effects between Japan and China

In 2002, Japans Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP per capita are 3. 2 times and 32. 3 times of that of China, respectively. Japan introduced a universal health insurance in April 1961, in China, 44. 8% of its urban population and 79. 1% of its rural population are not covered by any health insurance scheme by 2003. During the last decade, utilization of outpatient service and that of hospitalization service improved in Japan, however both declined in China. In 2000, out - of - pocket part in Japans national medical expenditure is 14. 8% , and the number is over 60. 8% in China. In 2000, the average life expectancy and the infant fatality rate of Chinese are near those of Japanese in late 1960s or early 1970s.