北京大兴长子营地区老年糖尿病流行病学调查研究

目的 了解北京大兴农村地区老年糖尿病（DM）和空腹血糖受损（IFG）发生的情况和特点.方法 纳入大兴长子营地区60岁以上人群3036例,通过问卷调查统计糖尿病知晓以及治疗情况、吸烟情况、检查身高和体重,计算体重指数（BMI=体重/身高2）;水银血压计测量血压;酶法检测空腹血糖、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、血尿酸（UA）;直接法检测高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、改良苦味酸法检测血肌酐（Cr）;全自动血液分析仪测定白细胞总数（WBC）和血小板总数（PLT）.结果纳入人群中IFG患者358例、DM患者712例,DM的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为64.10%、61.10%和19.94%.DM患者、IFG患者与血糖正常人群的BMI、血压、TC水平均无差异;与血糖正常的人群相比,IFG和DM患者吸烟指数更高,TG、LDL-C、UA、WBC、PLT水平升高（P＜0.05）,DM患者TG高于IFG患者,HDL-C水平低于正常血糖人群.结论 ①大兴长子营地区老年T2DM知晓率和治疗率较高,但控制率较低;②老年T2DM患者较正常血糖人群心血管危险因素更多;③IFG期心血管危险因素与T2DM接近.

Epidemiological survey on senile diabetes in Zhangziying area of Daxing District in Beijing

Objective To get to know the occurrence and characteristics of senile type 2 diabetes mellitus （DM） and impaired fasting glucose （IFG） in rural area of Daxing District in Beijiug, and observe the relationship among them and other metabolism indexes including blood pressure （BP）, blood fat, blood uric acid （BUA） and body mass index （BMI）. Methods The population （aged over 60, n=3036） were chosen and given questionnaire for investigating the awareness and control to DM, smoking, height （m）, weight （kg）, BMI, BP, fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG） and BUA. The changes of HDL-C, LDL-C, Cr, WBC and PLT were detected by using, respectively, direct method, improved picric acid method and automatic hematology analyzer. Results There were 358 cases of IFG and 712 cases of DM. The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate was, respectively, 64.10%, 61.10% and 19.94%. There was no difference in BMI, BP and TC between the patients with DM or IFG and the population with normal level of plasma glucose. In the patients with DM or IFG, smoking index was higher, and levels of TG, LDL-C, UA, WBC and PLT increased compared with the population with normal level of plasma glucose （P〈0.05）. The patients with DM had higher TG than those with IFG, and lower HDL-C than the population with normal level of plasma glucose. Conclusion （1）The awareness rate and treatment rate of DM are higher and control rate is lower in the elderly population in Zhangziying area of Daxing District in Beijing. （2） The senile patients with DM have more cardiovascular risk factors compared with the population with normal level of plasma glucose. （3）The cardiovascular risk factors in IFG patients are similar to those in DM patients.