铅作业工人血铅、尿铅和锌原卟啉测定结果分析

目的比较铅作业工人和非铅作业工人血铅、尿铅浓度、红细胞锌原卟啉和血常规的差异,探讨铅作业工人红细胞锌原卟啉和血铅、尿铅浓度的相关性。方法以蓄电池企业的252名铅作业工人作为接铅组,电子厂205名非铅作业工人作为对照组,测定血铅、尿铅浓度、红细胞锌原卟啉和血常规,并对结果进行统计学处理。结果接铅组血红蛋白含量低于对照组(P0.05),白细胞和红细胞、血小板则无差异(P0.05),接铅组红细胞锌原卟啉、血铅、尿铅浓度均显著高于对照组(P0.01),尿铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关系数(r)=0.166,血铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关系数r=0.406。结论长期接触铅可导致血铅、尿铅浓度和红细胞锌原卟啉升高,血红蛋白降低,对白细胞、红细胞、血小板无明显影响,血铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关性较尿铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关性好。

Results analysis of blood lead,urine lead and zinc protoporphyrin determination in workers exposed to lead

[Objective]To compare the differences of blood lead,urine lead and zinc protoporphyrin determination between workers with lead exposure and workers without lead exposure,and explore the correlation ？between erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead level,urine lead level of workers.[Methods]A total of 252 lead exposed workers from a storage battery manufacture were selected as lead exposure group,another 205 workers without lead exposure from a electronics Factory as control group.The determination of blood lead level,urinary lead level,erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin and blood routine examination were performed,and the results were statistically analyzed.[Results] Hemoglobin content of lead exposure group was significantly lower than that of control group（P0.05）,while leukocytes,erythrocytes and blood platelet were not significantly different（P0.05）.Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin,blood lead,urinary lead concentration of lead exposure group were higher than those of control group（P0.01）,urine lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin correlation coefficient（r）=0.166,Blood lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin correlation coefficient r=0.406.[Conclusion] Long-term exposure to lead can lead to increasing of blood lead,urine lead concentration and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin,decreasing of hemoglobin,and no obvious effect on leukocytes,erythrocytes and blood platelet.The correlation of blood lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin is better than that of urinary lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin.