脂肪酸水平与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的关系及膳食补充n-3类脂肪酸的影响

目的研究儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)与非ADHD儿童体内脂肪酸水平差异及膳食补充n-3类脂肪酸对ADHD儿童体内脂肪酸水平的影响作用。方法在1 555名2~5年级学生中筛选出ADHD儿童79名,取50名非ADHD儿童作为对照,采集静脉血分析其脂肪酸差异。采用随机对照试验(RCT)原则,将ADHD儿童随机分为干预组和对照组,采用不同浓度的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)膳食补充干预3个月,观察干预后脂代谢改善情况。结果ADHD儿童血红细胞膜的饱和脂肪酸(SFAs)中的C15∶0、C16∶0、C20∶0,单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFAs)中的C15∶1、C18∶1、C20∶1、C24∶1及PUFAs中的亚油酸C18∶2 n-6(LA)明显高于非ADHD组儿童(P0.05);花生四烯酸C20∶4 n-6(AA)、二十碳五烯酸C20∶5 n-3(EPA)及C22∶4(n-6)低于非ADHD组儿童。ADHD儿童补充n-3PUFAs后,体内α-亚麻酸C18∶3 n-3(ALA)、C24∶0、二十二碳六烯酸C22∶6 n-3(DHA)及n-3PUFAs水平显著提高,n-6PUFAs、n-6/n-3比例则显著降低。结论ADHD与非ADHD儿童体内的脂肪酸组成存在差异,补充n-3类脂肪酸可提高ADHD儿童体内n-3类脂肪酸水平,同时降低n-6/n-3比例。

The association of ADHD with deficits in fatty acids (FA) and the effect of dietary supplement of n-3 PUFAs on RBC membrane FA profile in children with ADHD

Objective To investigate the difference of fatty acids(FA)composition of red blood cell(RBC) membrane between children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and those without the problem,and to evaluate the effect of dietary supplement of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) on FA profile of RBC membrane in children with ADHD.Methods A total of 1 555 primary school students,aged 7-12 years,were recruited,in which 79 children were diagnosed as ADHD;50 children without ADHD were selected as co...