我国并殖吸虫病的防治研究进展

该文从3个方面概述了我国并殖吸虫病防治研究的进展.(1)病原生物学,新中国成立后共报告21种新虫种(亚种、变种),其中对人体致病的有8种,某些同物异名的问题虽尚未完全解决,但现在大致公认的人体致病虫种为卫氏并殖吸虫(简称Pw)、斯氏并殖吸虫(简称Ps)和异盘并殖吸虫(简称Ph)3种,同隶属于并殖吸虫属.(2)流行病学,全国24个省(自治区、市)有流行,基本查清了3种人体致病并殖吸虫的分布,保虫宿主、转续宿主及第一、第二中间宿主的种类均有诸多新记录.近年来不断出现的流行区外感染的并殖吸虫病已引起重视.(3)临床方面,并殖吸虫病据症状分为肺内型及肺外型两大型,免疫学诊断取得了诸多成果,目前皮内试验用于流行病学调查,酶联免疫吸附试验普遍用于临床诊断,斑点金渗滤测定法具有推广前景;目前首选治疗药物为吡喹酮;为使诊断、治疗规范化,已制定了<并殖吸虫病诊断标准及处理原则(草案)>.总之,该病的防治研究已取得了诸多成果,但仍是我国重要的公共卫生问题之一,须予以足够的重视.

The progress on control and research of paragonimiasis in China

The progress in control and research on paragonimiasis in China was described in three aspects.(1)Pathogenic biology:There have been 21 new species including variant and subspecies of Pragonimus reported since 1949,among which 8 were human pathogenic.The problems of synonyms did not be solved totally,but it has been generally recognized that 3 species:Paragonimus westermani,P.skrjabini and P.heterotremus are definite as human pathogenic species,and all of them are subordinate to the same genus i.e.Paragonimus.(2)Epidemiology:The epidemimic areas are distributed in 24 provinces/municipalities.The distribution of 3 human paragonimiasis has been determined,each of them has its unique epidemic areas and mixed with other species too.Many new discoveries on the reservoir,paratenic and intermediate hosts have been reported.The "paragonimiasis infected outside of epidemic area" has attracted intensive attention.(3) Clinic aspect:According to symptoms the disease had been divided into the intra-lung type and the extra-lung type.In the aspect of diagnosis,lots of progress using new immunological techniques have been achieved.The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay is now in common use and the dot immunogold filtration assay has the potential to be popularized.Praziquantel is the first choice of chemical medicines.In order to deal with the disease up to standard,the diagnosis standard and treatment principle for paragonimiasis (draft) has been formulated.In brief,the endemic situation and harm of the disease are relieving gradually and being controlled further,but it is still one of the important public health problems in China at present.