上海市闵行区流动人口生育状况调查分析

目的：了解上海市流动人口的生育状况,分析和探讨潜在的影响因素。方法：通过流行病学横断面调查方法,对2001位符合入选标准的流动人口进行面对面问卷调查。结果：调查对象中1414人发生过性行为,现有孩子数为1.09±0.76个,最多孩子数为5个。期望的孩子数为1.68±0.82个,其中男孩最多想要5个,女孩最多想要4个,均多于现有孩子数。流动人口现有孩子数与期望孩子数之间存在正相关。调查的男性对象认为首次生育属于意外妊娠的比例为18.81%,女性则高达33.61%。男性、文化程度高、个人和家庭平均月收入水平较高、建筑工人的首次生育属于意外妊娠的比例较低。结论：流动人口生育总体处于不稳定的低生育水平,存在多育现象,生育期望值高于现有值,存在期望男孩倾向。建议广泛深入地开展宣传工作,为流动人口提供安全有效的生殖健康服务,建立和完善流动人口的社会保障机制,改变其生育观念,稳定低生育水平。

Survey and Analysis of the Reproductive Status of Floating Population in Minhang District of Shanghai City

Objective: To learn the reproductive status of floating population in Shanghai,and explore the potential influential factors.Methods: Epidemiological cross-sectional survey was adopted in this study.According to the selected standards,2,001 subjects from the floating population of Minhang district were interviewed using face-to-face questionnaires.Results: 1,141 persons among all objects experienced sexual behavior,and the existent number of children was 1.09±0.76,with the maximum number of 5.The expected number of children was 1.68±0.82,with the maximum numbers of 5 boys and 4 girls,which were all higher than the existent numbers.Positive correlation was showed between the existent number and expected number of children in floating population.18.81% of male objects and 33.61% of female objects considered the first breeding were unexpected.The proportion of the first unexpected breeding was lower with the following circumstances: male,high educational extent,high monthly income of individual and family,as well as construction workers.Conclusion: The reproductive status of floating population is roughly an instable low fertility with multi-proliferation.The expected value of breeding is higher than the existent value,with the tendency of male baby.It is suggested to carry out propaganda work extensively for the floating population to provide safe and effective reproductive health services,establish and perfect the social security mechanism,change their reproduction concepts,and stabilize the low birth rate.