Protection of DNA and membranes from gamma‐radiation induced damages by Centella asiatica

Objectives The objective of the present study was to examine the ability of Centella asiatica extract to offer protection to DNA and membranes against the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation exposure. Methods Protection of DNA under in‐vitro conditions of irradiation was estimated using plasmid relaxation assay. For in‐vivo studies the extract was administered orally to mice exposed to whole‐body γ‐radiation. The ability of the extract to offer protection against whole‐body γ‐radiation exposure was analysed by performing an alkaline comet assay on mouse bone marrow cells. The extent of lipid peroxidation was estimated using the TBARS (thio‐barbituric acid reacting substances) method, in order to monitor membrane damage. Radiation‐induced mortality of the animals following a lethal dose of γ‐radiation was also examined. Key findings Centella asiatica extract significantly reduced radiation‐induced damage to DNA. The extent of radiation‐induced mortality and lipid peroxidation was also found to be considerably reduced in animals administered with the extract. Conclusions Centella asiatica rendered radioprotection to DNA and membranes against radiation exposure, both in vitro and in vivo. We have earlier reported that administration of the extract can prevent a radiation‐induced decline in antioxidant enzyme levels. This suggests that radioprotection by Centella asiatica extract could be mediated by mechanisms that act in a synergistic manner, especially involving antioxidant activity.