经鼻胃管和经胃造瘘管实施肠内营养支持在ICU长期卧床患者中完成效率的比较

目的 比较经鼻胃管和经胃造瘘管实施肠内营养支持在ICU长期卧床患者中的完成效率.方法 以2008年1月至2009年9月在昆明市第一人民医院ICU收住的6名脑血管意外后遗症患者为研究对象,比较经鼻胃管和经胃造瘘管行肠内营养支持预期每日热卡供给完成率、每日营养液输注完成率、营养液反流情况和管道通畅情况.结果 经胃造瘘管行肠内营养支持治疗的预期每日热卡完成天数（P=0.002）和营养液总量输注完成天数（P=0.008）明显长于经鼻胃管行肠内营养,出现营养液反流天数（P=0.011）和营养管道堵塞天数（P=0.021）明显短于经鼻胃管行肠内营养.结论 对于长期卧床患者,经胃造瘘管行肠内营养支持治疗较经鼻胃管行肠内营养支持治疗更易完成营养支持目标.

Comparison of the efficiencies of enteral nutrition with nasogastric tube and endoscopic gastrostomy tube in ICU long-term bedridden patients

Objective To compare the efficiencies of enteral nutrition with nasogastric tube with that of enteral nutrition with endoscopic gastrostomy tube in ICU long-term bedridden patients. Methods A total of 6 patients who were admitted in our ICU between January 2008 and September 2009 were enrolled in this study. The expected completion of daily calorie supply, completion of total volume of nutrient fluid feeding, nutrient fluid backstreaming condition, and incidence rate of tube obstruction were compared between those supported with nasogastric tube and endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Results The completion of daily calorie supply and completion of total volume of nutrient fluid feeding were significantly superior in patients who were supported with endoscopic gastrostomy tube than those with nasogastric tube (P = 0. 002 and P = 0. 008, respectively). In addition, nutrient fluid backstreaming condition and incidence rate of tube obstruction were significantly lower than with nasogastric tube (P= 0. 011 and P = 0. 021, respectively). Conclusion Enteral nutrition with endoscopic gastrostomy tube is more efficient in reaching the nutrition support target than with nasogastric tube.