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中国卒中患者医院感染相关因素的Meta分析
引用本文:刘光健,王云甫,刘勇.中国卒中患者医院感染相关因素的Meta分析[J].中国脑血管病杂志,2010,7(12):658-663.
作者姓名:刘光健  王云甫  刘勇
作者单位:湖北医药学院附属太和医院神经内科,十堰442000
摘    要:目的通过对中国囡内卒中医院感染相关文献的Meta分析,探讨卒中患者医院感染的常见危险因素和病死率。方法以中国学术期刊全文数据库(1994年1月-2009年4月)、万方数据库(1999年1月-2009年4月)和Medline—Pubmed(1965年1月-2009年4月)为文献检索源,对符合标准的文献进行Meta分析。结果①共纳入29篇文献,均为中文文献。其中,3篇为前瞧性研究,26篇为回顾性研究,均未没市病例对照。②出血性卒中(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.59~2.36)、老年(〈60/≥60岁:OR=0.44,95%CI:0.40~0.49;≤60/〉60岁:OR=0.52,95%C1:0.43~0.63)、吸烟史(OR=1,54,95%CI:1.25~1.90)、饮酒史(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.15~1.77)、心脏病史(OR=4.92,95%CI.3.54~7.01)、糖尿病史(OR=3.69,95%C1:2.86~4.76)、意识障碍(OR=6.21,95%CI:4.51~8.55)、吞咽障碍(OR=6.43,95%CI:3.34~12.35)、气管插管(OR=19.48,95%CI:9.84~38.56)、气管切开(OR=33.35,95%CI:14.46~76.96)、机械通气(OR=26.70,95%CI:8.53~83.60)、留置胄管(OR=5.84,95%CI:2.56~13.29)、留置尿管(OR=6.38,95%CI:1.82~22.37)、预防性应用抗生素(OR=5.93,95%CI:2.81~12.49)及H2受体拈抗剂(OR=4.34,95%CI:2.21~8.52)是影响卒中患者医院感染的相关因素。②有医院感染的书中患者病死率较无感染者增加4.44倍。结论出血性卒中患者较缺血性卒中有更大的医院感染的风险;老年、既往有不良生活习惯和慢性疾病史,病程中有意识障碍、吞咽障碍,行侵袭性操作和预防性使用抗生素的卒中患者,更易发生医院感染;有医院感染卒中患普的死亡风险较无感染者显著增加。

关 键 词:卒中  交叉感染  危险因素  死亡率  Meta分析

Related factors of nosocomial infection in Chinese patients with stroke: a meta-analysis
LIU Guang-jian,WANG Yun-fu,LIU Yong.Related factors of nosocomial infection in Chinese patients with stroke: a meta-analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases,2010,7(12):658-663.
Authors:LIU Guang-jian  WANG Yun-fu  LIU Yong
Institution:. Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
Abstract:Objective To investigate the common risk factors and mortality of nosocomial infection in patients with stroke through a meta-analvsis of the related literatures of stroke nosocomial infection in China Methods The Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD) (from January 1994 to April 2009) , Wanfang database (from January 1999 to April 2009), and Medline/PubMed (from 1965 to April 2009) were used as the source of retrieval. A recta-analysis was conducted for the papers meeting the criterion. Results (1)A total of 29 papers in Chinese were included. Three of them were prospective studies and 26 were retrospective studies. No case-control group was available for comparison. (2)The related factors that impact the nosoeomial infection in patients with stroke were hemorrhagic apoplexy ( OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.59 -2.36, ) , advanced age ( 〈60 versu≥60 years: OR =0.44, 95% CI:0. 40 -0.49; ≤60 versus 〉 60 years: OR =0.52, 95% CI:O. 43 -0.63) , history of smoking (OR = 1. 54, 95% CI:1. 25 - 1.90) , history' of wine drinking habit ( OR = 1. 43, 95 % CI: 1.15 - 1.77 ) , history of heart disease ( OR = 4.92, 95 % CI:3.54 - 7.01 ) , history of diabetes ( OR : 3.69, 95 % C1:2.86 - 4.76 ) , disturbance of consciousness( OR =6.21, 95% CI:4.51 - 8.55 ) , dysphagia ( OR = 6.43, 95% CI:3.34 - 12.35 ) , intubation ( OR = 19.48, 95 % CI:9.84 - 38.56 ) , traeheotomy ( OR = 33.35, 95 % CI: 14.46 - 76.96 ) , mechanical ventilation ( OR = 26.70, 95% CI:8.53 - 83.60 ) , indwelling gastric tube ( OR = 5.84, 95% CI:2.56 - 13.29 ) , indwelling catheter ( OR = 6. 38,95% CI: 1.82 - 22.37 ) , prophylactic use of antibiotics ( OR =5.93, 95%CI:2.81 -12.49), and H2 receptor blocker (OR=4.34, 95%(21:2.21 -8.52). (3)The mortality of stroke patients with nosocomial infection was 4.4 times over those without nosoeomial infection. Conclusion The patients with hemorrhagic stroke have greater risk of nosocomial infeetion than those with isehemic stroke. The stroke patients with advanced age, previous poor health habits, and history of chronic diseases, disturbance of consciousness, dysphagia, invasive operation, and prophylaetic use of antibiotics are more likely to have nosoeomial infection. The risk of death of stroke patients with nosoeomial infection is significantly higher than those without nosocomial infection.
Keywords:Stroke  Cross infection  Risk factors  Mortality  Meta analysis
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