Effect of artesunate on human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cells

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the artesunate (ART) on cellular proliferation in vitro, to search for the possible anti-tumor mechanism of ART on endometrial carcinoma at the molecular level and to provide the experimental and theoretical foundations for the clinical applications of ART.MethodsThe cell proliferation was observed by microscope; MTT was used to examine the effects of ART on proliferation of HEC-1B cells, and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. The human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cells were conventionally cultured; ART was administered with a concentration of 40 μg/ml before the total RNA were extracted. mRNA expression of Survivin, Caspase-3, N-Cadherin, E-Cadherin, Fibronectin1 and Cox-2 were detected using RT-PCR.ResultsART reduced proliferation in human endometrial carcinoma cell line HEC-1B in a dose- and time-dependent effect. The cells of G₀/G₁ stage were significantly increased (P<0.05), but the cells of G₂/M stages were significantly decreased (P<0.05), so it has shown that the cell cycle was probably blocked in G₀/G₁ stage. After intervention with ART at 20 and 80 μg/ml for 48 h, cellular apoptosis rate respectively was (36.42±0.77)% and (11.77±0.58)%, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control ([6.64±0.19]%, P<0.01). The expression of Cox-2 mRNA in the ART group was lower than those of control group, yet the expression of Caspase-3 and E-Cadherin mRNA in the ART group was higher than those of control group.ConclusionART can inhibit HEC-1B cell growth and proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, ART can induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ART is able to downregulate Cox-2 mRNA expression and to upregulate E-Cadherin and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. So we can conclude that ART could induce the endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.