广东省农村首例人禽流感H5N1病例的流行病学分析

目的 确定人感染高致病性禽流感疫情,查明感染来源,以采取相应措施控制疫情.方法 采用现场流行病学调查和实验室检测相结合的方法 对广东省海丰县1 例不明原因肺炎病例进行诊断和分析.结果 该患者女性,44岁,于2008年2月16日开始发病,病初表现为流感样症状,持续发热,1周内胸片出现两肺大片浸润阴影,病情进展迅速,抗生素治疗无效,全身多器官功能衰竭,于2月25日死亡.患者痰液标本禽流感病毒(H5N1)核酸阳性,病毒分离阳性,基因序列分析显示,分离的H5N1病毒 [A/Guangdong/1/ 2008(H5N1)]仍为禽源性特征.患者居住广东省海丰县海城镇某村,发病前后未离开过居住地,未接触过类似病人.海丰县是候鸟迁徙栖息地,2004年曾发生禽流感疫情.患者发病前1周曾接触与进食自养的病死鸡.病家附近见有水鸟(麻雀和白鹭)活动.经医学观察8 d,所有密切接触者(包括患者的丈夫共91人)均未出现类似症状.参照卫生部<人感染高致病性禽流感应急预案>,采取一系列控制措施后,疫情没有扩散.结论 该病例确诊为广东省农村首例人感染高致病性禽流感病例,感染来源可能是禽流感病毒(H5N1)从病死禽直接传给人,但未发现人传人的现象.今后应继续加强不明原因肺炎监测,加强人感染高致病性禽流感的应急贮备、培训和健康教育.

Epidemic investigation and control on a cases of infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in rural area in Guangdong Province

Objective To confirm a case infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) and detect some risk factors and infectious source,to control the spread of infection with H5N1 virus in human. Methods Field investigation and laboratory test were implemented. Epidemiological,clinical and virological data of the case were collected and analyzed. Results The patient was female,aged at 44 years old,had influenza-like onset on 16 February 2008,and died in a week later. The case's respiratory specimens were t...