多种体育锻炼方式在提高我军援利埃博拉医护人员身心健康中的应用

目的 探讨多元体质增强模式对提高埃博拉医护人员身心健康中作用和效果。方法 中国援利医疗队为队员组织和提供多种体育锻炼方式，并通过自行设计的问卷来调查医护人员对多元体质增强模式在睡眠、情绪、恐惧、身体素质等方面的影响。结果60.29%以上的医护人员认为多元体质增强模式能够改善睡眠质量；80%以上的人认为能够愉悦心情、缓解焦虑、增进食欲、增强身体素质和免疫力；76.47%的医护人员对医疗队组织的多元体质增强模式满意；跑步、快走、骑单车、有氧操、羽毛球、乒乓球和足球均可以改善队员的情绪，且以跑步、快走、有氧操、羽毛球等全身运动改善显著。结论 多元体质增强的方法提高了埃博拉医护人员的身心健康水平，为圆满完成救治任务起到了积极作用，也为今后执行其他重大任务中开展体质增强工作提供有力借鉴。

Multiple physical exercises improving the physical and mental health of PLA medical staffs in Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia

Objective To investigate the effect of multiple physical exercises in improving the physical and mental health of PLA medical staffs in the Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia. Methods The subjects were the Chinese medical staffs from People's Liberation Army who worked in the Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia. The subjects were organized to participate in a variety of physical exercises during their stay in Liberia. And the effects of exercise on sleep, emotion, fear, physical quality of the subjects were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Results More than 60.29% of the medical staffs believed that multiple physical exercises could improve their sleep quality; more than 80% thought that it could bring joyful mood, relieve anxiety, improve appetite, and enhance the physical quality and immunity; and 76.47% appeared satisfied with the multiple physical exercises organized by the medical team. Running (25.00%), fast walking (21.88%), aerobic gymnastics (17.19%) and badminton (17.19%) in order were thought to be the most important exercises for improving the mood and physical fitness. The consistency analysis showed that the Kappa values between table tennis and running, walking were 0.333 and 0.381, respectively (P <0.01), and the Kappa value between football and running was 0.340 (P <0.01). Conclusion Multiple physical exercise can improve the physical and mental health of medical staffs working in Chinese Ebola Treatment Unit in Liberia. Whole body exercises including running, walking, aerobics gymnastics and badminton have significant improvement effect, and they may be used to improve the physical health of staffs involved in other similar missions in the future.