某电冶厂镍冶炼劳动卫生条件与工人健康状况调查研究

1983～1986年对某厂镍冶炼作业劳动卫生条件和工人健康状况进行了调查。近年粉尘浓度在降低。作业地点空气镍平均浓度波动在0.0095mg/m~3～1.7331m g/m~3,82.56％的样品浓度低于0.5mg/m~3。熔化工序空气中Co、Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb及As浓度很低或低于MAC;但二氧化硫、氯化氢及硫酸雾浓度较高,有些样品浓度超过国家标准。对428名接镍工人和111名机械加工工人(对照)进行了健康检查。除尿镍增高外,检出的临床所见不能完全归因于接触镍。从现场资料分析,车间空气中镍及其无机化合物的最高容许浓度可考虑订为0.5mg/m~3。

A SURVEY ON THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTL PROBLEMS AND WORKERS'''' HEALTH STATUS IN A NICKEL REFINERY

A field survey on the occupational health problems and workers' health status was carried out during 1983-1986.The results of environmental monitoring showed that the dust concentrations were decreasing in recent years.The average concentrations of airborne nickel in workplaces ranged from 0.0095mg/m3 to 1.7331mg/m3, and 82.56% of specimens collected was lower than 0.5mg/m3. The concentrations of Co,Cd,Cu,Zn,Pb and As in the air of smelting process did not exceed MAC.However.the concentrations of some irritant gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and mist of sulfuric acid were rather high, some of the concentrations went beyond the MACs. Health examination was conducted on 428 of nickel exposed workers and 111 of machine workers (control). It was suggested that medical examination findings could not be entirely attributed to nickel exposure except body burden of nickel.It was recommended that 0.5mg/m3 be established as maximum allowable concentration for nickel and its inorganic compounds in the air of workplace.