Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Severe Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Young Child

A 3-year-old boy presented with recurrent strokes and pallor. Hematological investigations revealed severe iron deficiency anemia without thrombocytosis. The magnetic resonance angiogragraphy findings were suggestive of moyamoya syndrome. The association of moyamoya syndrome with severe iron deficiency anemia has not been reported earlier. The likely pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed.