水中分娩产妇活跃期及第二产程时间的观察

目的探讨水中分娩产妇与传统分娩产妇活跃期、第二产程时间的差异。方法选择2006年10月-2007年5月单胎、足月、头位、一产、无任何疾病及合并症采取水中分娩的产妇40例为观察组，同期一般情况类似的采取传统阴式分娩的产妇45例为对照组。观察组经胎心监护仪测试30min以上，经医师阴道检查，胎心音、宫缩、胎位正常，宫口开大3cm后，进入专业分娩缸，每10～15min听胎心了解胎心音变化，采取舒适自由的坐、蹲、跪等体位进行水中分娩；对照组按传统的接生方法，经检查宫口开大3cm后，产妇以产床床头抬高30°截石位或双腿伸直躺在产床上待产。比较两组活跃期及第二产程的时间。结果两组活跃期时间比较，观察组明显少于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）；第二产程时间比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。结论水中分娩能缩短产妇活跃期时间，使第二产程回归自然，体位舒适。

Observation on Parturients at Water Delivery in the Active Phase and Duration of Second Labor Stage

Objective To probe into the differences between water delivery and traditional delivery in view of the active phase and the duration of second labor stage. Methods During Oct. 2006 and May 2007, 40 parturients of single birth, full term, cephalic pre- sentation, first birth and with no diseases and complications took water delivery as observation group and another 45 under the same conditions took routine vaginal delivery as controls. Those in the observation group entered the special delivery tube after test with fe- tal heart monitor for over 30 min, vaginal examination, examination of fetal heart sounds, and confirmation of uterine contraction, nor- mal fetal position and opening of uterine orifice for 3 cm by doctors. The fetal heart sounds listened to every 10~15 min, any satisfac- tory positions were taken for water delivery. Those in the control group lied with the head of labor bed raised up by 30° at lithotomy position or just stretched out the legs waiting for delivery, after opening of uterine orifice for 3 cm. The active stage and duration of second labor stage were compared between the two groups. Results The active stages between the groups were significantly different statistically （P〈0.05）, but the durations of second labor stage were not （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Water delivery, with a satisfactory delivery position, can shorten the active stage and bring a natural second labor stage.