自体骨髓间充质干细胞治疗神经系统疾病初步研究

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）移植治疗脊髓损伤（SCI）、脑外伤（TBI）、Parkinson’s病（PD）和多发性硬化（MS）的临床疗效和不良反应。方法 脊髓伤病6例，TBI3例，MS1例，PD1例，经骨髓穿刺采集白体骨髓222～350ml，分离提取MSCs后经静脉途径和／或蛛网膜下腔内一次性或分次注射。干细胞治疗前、后对患者神经功能变化及不良反应分别进行评价。结果 自体MSCs治疗脊髓伤病6例，5例有不同程度的感觉、运动和自主神经功能改善。治疗TBI3例，2例运动功能明显改善，1例持续植物状态患者PVS评分由5分提高到8分。治疗PD和MS各1例，PD患者震颤减轻，肌张力明显降低；MS患者运动功能明显改善。症状和体征改善最早出现在治疗后2d，多数患者在治疗后2周有明显改善。MSCs移植常见的不良反应包括发热（7／11例）、头痛（2／11例）、腹胀（1／11例）；1例于蛛网膜下腔内注射时出现双下肢麻木、脑膜刺激征。结论 MSCs移植治疗脊髓损伤、TBI、PD和MS等近期疗效明显，不良反应较少，但其远期疗效还需要进一步随访和观察。

Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Diseases of Nervous System

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effects and side-effect of mesenchymal stem cell(MSCs) transplantation on spinal cord injury(SCI),traumatic brain injury(TBI),multiple sclerosis(MS) or Parkinson's disease(PD).MethodsThe bone marrow(222~350 ml) of 11 patients with SCI(n=6),TBI(n=3),MS(n=1) or PD(n=1) were harvested from the patients' ilia and then MNCs were isolated.The MNCs were injected intravenously or into subarachnoid space by lumbar puncture.The neural function and side-effect were observed before and after MSCs transplantation and the patients were followed up.ResultsThe data demonstrated the improvement of sense and motor function in 5 patients with SCI,one had no improvement by 2 months following-up.These patients' sense and motor levels improved obviously.Their muscle strength of lower extremity increased,the muscular tone decreased and urinary bladder function improved.Changes in neurological deficits and improvements in function may appear within 2 days after transplantation,most of them within 2 weeks.There were significantly amelioration in 3 patients with TBI treated with MSCs transplantation,one of them could walk with cane independently after 3 months.One's PVS score elevated from 5 to 8 scales after transplantation.The tremor was alleviated after 1 week,and the muscular tone decreased,which lead to reduce the dose of Madopar after 3 months,in patient with PD.The patient with MS showed no improvement in short time.The side-effect included fever(7/11),headache(2/11) and abdominal dissension(1/11).1 patient feel numb in his legs while injection into subarachnoid,and appeared meningeal stimulation after injection.ConclusionThere were significantly clinical effects in treatment of SCI,TBI,MS,and PD with MSCs transplantation in short time,and with few side-effect. The long-term clinical effects need more observation with larger samples.