Prognostic factors and outcomes in endometrial stromal sarcoma with the 2009 FIGO staging system: A multicenter review of 114 cases

Objective

To assess prognostic factors associated with disease-related survival in endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) using the 2009 FIGO staging system.

Methods

From January 1990 to January 2012, 114 patients with ESS were identified at the Samsung and Asan Medical Center and data were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

Ten (8.7%) patients died of the disease and 33 (28.9%) patients relapsed. The 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates for the entire cohort were 92.6% and 87.1%, respectively, and the 5- and 10-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 71.8% and 52.1%, respectively. The estimated median survival after recurrence for the 33 patients whose tumors relapsed was 133 months (95% CI, 7.7–258.4), and 5-year survival after recurrence was 68.9%. Stage I (P = 0.006), estrogen and/or progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positivity (P = 0.0027), and no nodal metastasis (P = 0.033) were associated with a good prognosis for OS in the univariate analysis. Ovarian preservation was revealed to be an independent predictor for poorer RFS (HR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.23–34.19; P = 0.027). Positivity for ER/PR (HR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.006–0.4; P = 0.006) and cytoreductive resection of recurrent lesions (HR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.02–0.93; P = 0.042) were independent predictors of better survival after recurrence.

Conclusions

Stage, expression of ER/PR, and nodal metastasis are significantly associated with OS in ESS. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) as the primary treatment and cytoreductive resection of recurrent lesions should be considered for improving survival of patients with ESS.