广州市艾滋病流行状况与控制策略分析

目的 分析广州市艾滋病流行和防治现状,探讨对策。方法 对１９８６~２０００年广州市艾滋病监测结果和防治情况进行分析。结果１９８６年广州市报告首例国外输入的ＨＩＶ感染者,１９９１年报告首例ＡＩＤＳ病人,至２０００年底累计报告ＨＩＶ感染者４０６例,在广州死亡２９例,其中ＡＩＤＳ病人６８例,在广州死亡２５例。流行经历了传入期(１９８６~１９８９年)、扩散期(１９９０~１９９４年)和快速增长期(１９９５~２０００年),分别发现ＨＩＶ感染者４例、２４例和３７８例。流行特征是ＨＩＶ感染者主要以男性(８６．９５%)、２０~４９岁中青年(９１．８７%)为主;传播途径主要以静脉吸毒为主,占５７．６４%,性传播途径占２３．１５%,尚未发现母婴传播。结论 广州市ＨＩＶ广泛流行,形势严峻。今后防治对策应加强领导,多部门合作,全社会参与,继续加强艾滋病监测和预防控制网络建设,加紧实施以宣传教育为主的艾滋病综合性预防策略。

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Measures of HIV/AIDS in Guangzhou City

ve To analyze the HIV/AIDS epidemiological characteristics in Guangzhou City and to find out the control measure of HIV/AIDS. Methods Surveillance and control data on HIV/AIDS were analyzed in Guangzhou from 1986 to 2000. Results The first case of HIV infection was reported in 1986 and the first AIDS case was reported in 1991 in Guangzhou. A total number of 406 HIV infections and 68 AIDS cases were reported from 1986 to 2000 and 29 cases and 25 cases died with HIV and AIDS respectively. There have been three prevalence phases,entry phase( 1986 - 1989,4 HIV cases),expansion phase(1990 - 1994,24 HIV cases)and rapid phase (1995-2000,378 HIV cases). HIV infections mainly occurred in male (86.95%) and people aged 20 - 49 year (91.87%). The main transmission route was injecting drug use,accounting for 57.64% ,and the transmission from mother to infant was not reported until now. Conclusion HIV epidemic situation was serious in Guangzhou. The strategies of prevention and control should be focused on strong leadership, multi-department cooperation, all society participation and implementation of health promotion.