逍遥散及其功效拆方对CUMS抑郁模型大鼠行为学的影响

目的: 探讨逍遥散及其功效拆方水煎液对慢性不可预见性轻度应激(CUMS)抑郁模型大鼠行为活动和学习记忆能力的影响,初步揭示方中体现不同治法的功效药组的作用特点。 方法: 采用慢性不可预知温和应激+孤养方法制备CUMS大鼠抑郁模型,观察逍遥散(30 g·kg^-1)、疏肝药(即柴胡+薄荷,5.25 g·kg^-1)、养血药(即当归+白芍,9 g·kg^-1)、疏肝药+健脾药(即柴胡+薄荷+白术+茯苓+生姜+炙甘草,21 g·kg^-1)、养血药+健脾药(即当归+白芍+白术+茯苓+生姜+炙甘草,24.75 g·kg^-1)、阿米替林(10 mg·kg^-1)连续ig给药4周,观察对模型大鼠体重、糖水偏爱程度、自主活动和Morris水迷宫指标的影响,并设空白和模型对照组。 结果: 与模型组比较,逍遥散组、疏肝药组、养血药组、疏肝药+健脾药组、养血药+健脾药组均能显著提高模型大鼠的体重增长度、糖水偏爱百分比及自主活动量,缩短Morris水迷宫测试中定位航行的潜伏期,增加空间搜索时目标象限运动百分比与有效区域进入次数。各药物组之间比较,逍遥散组、疏肝药组、疏肝药+健脾药组的改善作用优于养血药组和养血药+健脾药组,其中疏肝药组在连续给药2周时,其对模型动物行为学的改善作用甚至优于逍遥散全方与疏肝药+健脾药组。 结论: 逍遥散对CUMS抑郁模型大鼠表现出良好的抗抑郁作用。在其功效拆方中,柴胡+薄荷药组所代表的疏肝治法是体现逍遥散抗抑郁效应的主要治法,当归+白芍药组所代表的养血治法则发挥重要的辅助作用。

Effects of Xiaoyao San and its Effective Compositions on the Behaviors in CUMS Model Rats

Objective: To study the effects of Xiaoyao San (XYS) and its effective compositions on behavior and memory in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats, so as to reveal the characteristics of different effective compositions that represent different therapeutic methods. Method: Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight groups:XYS group (30 g·kg^-1), Shugan (SG) group (5.25 g·kg^-1), Yangxue (YX) group (9 g·kg^-1), Shugan+Jianpi (SG+JP) group (21 g·kg^-1), Yangxue+Jianpi (YX+JP) group (24.75 g·kg^-1), control group, model group, and amitriptyline group (10 mg·kg^-1). The rat depression model was established by using chronic unpredictable mild stressors and solitary feeding condition as described in the literature. All rats were intragastrically administrated with different decoctions or distilled water for 4 weeks. Weights, preference for 1% sucrose solution (PSS), autonomic activities and Morris water maze test (MWMT) were carried out in different time. Result: Compared with model group, growth of weight, PSS, autonomic activities, as well as moving distance percentage at target quadrant and entering frequency into valid area in MWMT were significantly increased by XYS, SG, YX, SG+JP and YX+JP group. Meanwhile, the escape latency in Morris test was decreased also by those five groups above. XYS, SG and SG+JP groups were compared with YX and YX+JP groups respectively. The amelioration effects of former groups on CUMS model rats were better than that of later groups. Especially, the effects of SG group were more prominent than other groups when treated for 2 weeks. Conclusion: The decoction of XYS can improve behavior and memory in rat CUMS model, showing antidepressant effect. The SG compositions play a principal role in antidepressant effect of Xiaoyao San formula, while the YX drug-group serves as an important assistant to the antidepressant effect of Xiaoyao San.