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An automated colorimetric assay for urine nicotine metabolites: a suitable alternative to cotinine assays for the assessment of smoking status |
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| Authors: | Eino V J Puhakainen Robert D Barlow and Jukka T Salonen |
| Institution: | a Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kuopio University Central Hospital, Kuopio, Finland b Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, St. Bartholomew 's Hospital Medical College, London, UK c Department of Community Health, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland |
| Abstract: | We have modified the direct barbituric acid (DBA) test for urine nicotine metabolites so that it can be used on a continuous flow auto-analyser. The performance of the method was compared with a cotinine radio-immunoassay (RIA). The auto-analyser DBA method and cotinine RIA performed equally well in terms of assessing smoking status, yielding a false positive rate of 1.5% at a detection rate of 98% when compared to self-reported smoking information. The results obtained with the two methods were well correlated, r = 0.91, although the DBA method results were consistently higher than the corresponding cotinine RIA results; the method detects cotinine and other nicotine metabolites. The coefficient of variation for the DBA method was 3.4% compared with 10% for the RIA. The DBA method has a throughput of about 250 samples per day compared to about 70 per day by RIA and the reagents are readily obtained and inexpensive. |
| Keywords: | Urine Nicotine metabolite Cotinine Smoking Colorimetric assay |
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