乌鲁木齐地区老年高血压患者合并代谢综合征状况及生活质量调查

目的 调查新疆乌鲁木齐地区老年高血压患者合并代谢综合征(MS)情况及其生活质量,并分析生活质量的影响因素。方法 选择新疆医科大学第一附属医院2021年1月至2022年7月收治的1566例老年高血压患者为研究对象,对其合并MS情况进行调查,同时采用简明健康状况调查量表(SF-36)调查其生活质量现状。将合并MS者纳为MS组(854例),未合并MS者纳为非MS组(712例),比较两组患者SF-36得分分级结果。根据患者SF-36得分分级,将患者分为生活质量优等组(669例)与中差组(897例)。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据处理。根据数据类型,分别采用χ²检验或秩和检验进行组间比较。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析老年高血压患者生活质量的影响因素。结果 1566例老年高血压患者中,有54.53%(854/1566)的患者确诊为MS。老年高血压患者生活质量整体优等者占42.72%(669/1566)；中差等者占57.28%(897/1566)。MS组患者生活质量低于非MS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析提示,独居(OR=2.323,95%CI 1.642~3.287)、多重用药(OR=2.568,95%CI 1.558~4.233)及合并慢性疾病≥3种(OR=3.357,95%CI 1.092~10.320)是影响老年高血压患者生活质量的危险因素；而外出频率(OR=0.257,95%CI 0.109~0.604)及体育锻炼(OR=0.176,95%CI 0.062~0.499)是其生活质量的保护因素。结论 新疆乌鲁木齐地区老年高血压患者生活质量整体不佳,应注意给予独居及合并≥3种慢性疾病者更多关注,及时调节多重用药者药物剂量及方案,鼓励患者增加社会活动及体育锻炼。此外,该地区患者合并MS情况普遍,而合并MS将进一步降低患者生活质量,临床还需注重MS的防控。

Metabolic syndrome occurrence and quality of life in elderly hypertension patients in Urumqi region

Objective To explore the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in elderly patients with hypertension in Urumqi region, Xinjiang, and investigate their quality of life and its related influencing factors. Methods A total of 1 566 elderly patients with hypertension admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2021 to July 2022 were enrolled in the study. The occurrence of MS was investigated, and the status quo of quality of life was investigated with 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). According to occurrence of MS or not, the patients were divided into MS group (n=854) and non-MS group (n=712), and the SF-36 score was compared between the two groups. The patients were also assigned into excellent group (n=669) and moderate-poor group (n=897) according to their SF-36 score. SPSS statistics 19.0 was used for data processing. Based on different data type, Chi-square test or rank sum test was employed for intergroup comparison. Multivariate logistic regression model was applied to analyze the influencing factors for quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension. Results Among the 1 566 elderly patients with hypertension, 54.53% (854/1 566) were diagnosed with MS, and 42.72% (669/1 566) had excellent overall quality of life, and 57.28% (897/1 566) had moderate-poor quality of life. The quality of life was significantly lower in the MS group than the non-MS group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that living alone (OR=2.323,95%CI 1.642-3.287), multiple medication (OR=2.568,95%CI 1.558-4.233) and comorbidity of ≥3 chronic diseases (OR=2.568,95%CI 1.558-4.233) were the risk factors affecting the quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension, and the frequency of going out (OR=0.257,95%CI 0.109-0.604) and physical exercise (OR=0.176,95%CI 0.062-0.499) were the protective factors of quality of life. Conclusion The overall quality of life in elderly hypertension patients in Urumqi region, Xinjiang is not good, and it is necessary to pay more attention to those living alone and those complicated with ≥3 types of chronic diseases. Clinicians should timely adjust the drug dosage and regimen for multiple drug users, and encourage the patients to increase the social activities and physical exercise. In addition, MS is quite common in hypertension patients in this region, and its complication will further reduce their quality of life, thus in clinical practice, prevention and control of MS is necessary.