三七总皂苷及其制剂治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病常见的并发症，也是导致糖尿病患者失明的主要原因，严重影响糖尿病患者的生活质量。目前，临床上治疗DR的主要手段包括手术治疗、激光治疗以及药物治疗。其中，药物治疗能够对病情发展的多个环节进行干预，并减少激光治疗和手术治疗引起的相关并发症。然而，由于眼部结构的特殊性，导致药物的生物利用度较低，迫切需要寻求和开发疗效好、毒副作用低的药物以及合适剂型。中药具有历史悠久、来源广泛、多靶点协同作用等优点，在治疗DR方面具有独特优势。三七总皂苷是从中药三七中提取的主要有效活性成分群，目前已被证实具有治疗DR的作用。文章对三七总皂苷治疗DR的机制及其临床应用于DR的剂型进行分析与归纳，对三七总皂苷的药物剂型开发前景提出展望。

Research progress of Panax notoginseng saponins and its preparation in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy(DR) is a common complication of diabetes and the main cause of blindness in diabetics,which seriously affects the quality of life of diabetics. At present,the main clinical treatment methods of DR include surgical treatment,laser treatment and drug treatment. Among them,drug therapy can intervene in multiple aspects of disease development and reduce complications related to laser treatment and surgical treatment. However,due to the particularity of the eye structure,the bioavailability of drugs is low,and there is an urgent need to seek and develop drugs with good efficacy and low toxic side effects and suitable dosage forms. Traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of long history,wide origin,multi-target synergy,etc.,and has unique advantages in the treatment of DR. Panax notoginseng saponins are the main active ingredient group extracted from Panax notoginseng,which has been confirmed to have the effect of treating DR. In this paper,the mechanism of Panax notoginseng saponins in the treatment of DR and the dosage forms of Panax notoginseng in the clinical application was analyzed and summarized,which broadens the horizon of the development of pharmaceutical dosage forms of Panax notoginseng saponins.