气道微生态在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种慢性气道炎症性疾病，其特征为慢性呼吸道症状（呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰、急性加重）。感染是COPD恶化以及肺功能下降的主要原因，呼吸道微生态以及其所带来的免疫调节功能在其中发挥重要作用。新一代基因测序技术使得更清楚地了解呼吸道微生态组成及其与呼吸系统疾病相关性，不仅揭示了健康人群肺部拥有丰富的微生物群落，而且与健康人群相比，COPD患者的气道微生态结构和各菌群的相对丰度均发生了改变。本文对气道微生态在COPD中的研究进展作一综述。

Research progress of airway microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway inflammatory diseases, characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum, acute exacerbation).Infection is the main reason for the deterioration of COPD and the decline of lung function. Respiratory microecology and its immunomodulatory function play an important role in it.The new generation of gene sequencing technology allows a clearer understanding of the composition of respiratory microecology and its correlation with respiratory diseases. It not only reveals that there is a rich microbial community in the lungs of healthy people, but also that the airway microecological structure and the relative abundance of each bacterial community have changed in COPD patients compared with healthy people.This article reviews the research progress of airway microbiota in COPD.