肺结核患者血清前炎细胞因子及其受体的变化

目的 探讨肺结核患者血清TNF－α及受体、IL－1β及受体、IL－6及受体的特征及其临床意义，并明确其在结核病免疫发病中的作用。方法 采用双抗体夹心ABC－ELISA法检测41例活动性肺结核患者、21例非活动性肺结核患者和20名正常人血清TNF－α、sTNF-RⅠ、IL－1β、IL－1R、IL－6、IL－6R的水平，同时对17例活动性肺结核患者抗结核治疗后上述CK水平进行了随访。结果 活动性肺结核组和非活动性肺结核组血清TNF－α、sTNF-RⅠ、IL－1β、IL－1R、IL－6、IL－6R水平及TNF－α/sTNF-RⅠ比值均显著高于正常对照组（P＜0.01-0.05)。活动性肺结核组血清TNF-α、sTNF-RⅠ、IL－1β、IL－1R、IL－6、IL－6R水平及TNF－α／sTNF-RⅠ比值显著高于非活动性肺结核组（P＜0.01-0.05)。空洞组血清TNF－α、sTNF-RⅠ、IL－1β、IL-6水平及TNF－α/sTNF-RⅠ比值低于无空洞组（P＜0.01-0.05)。抗结核治疗2月末，17例患者中有15例患者血清TNF－α、sTNF-RⅠ、IL－1β、IL－1R、IL－6、IL－6R水平及TNF－α／sTNF-RⅠ比值均较治疗前明显降低（P＜0.01-0.05)，且上述患者临床症状改善，痰菌阴转，胸片病灶吸收好转、空洞缩小或闭合。但有2例患者血清上述CK水平较治疗前未明显降低，痰菌未阴转。结论 TNF－α、sTNF-R、IL－1β、IL-1R、IL－6、IL－6R等均参与结核病免疫发病过程。肺结核患者血清前炎细胞因子及受体水平的检测有助于了解疾病的活动性，判断病情及预后，监测抗结核治疗的效果。

Changes of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors in serum from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and clinical value of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and its receptor (sTNF-R), interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta) and its receptor(IL-1R), interleukin-6(IL-6) and its receptor(IL-6R) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to evaluate their role in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. METHODS The serum levels of TNF-alpha, sTNF-R Iota IL-1beta,IL-1R, IL-6 and IL-6R were measured using the sandwich ABC-ELISA method in 41 cases of active tuberculosis, 21 cases of inactive tuberculosis and 20 normal controls. The serum levels of the cytokines in 17 cases of active tuberculos is were followed. RESULTS The serum levels of TNF-alpha sTNF-RIota IL-1beta,IL-1R, IL-6 IL-6R and the TNF-alpha/sTNF-RIota ratio were significantly higher in both the active and the inactive tuberculosis groups than those in normal controls (P <0.01 approximately 0.05). The TNF-alpha sTNF-R Iota IL-1 beta, IL-1R, IL-6 IL-6R levels and the TNF-alpha/sTNF-R Iota ratio in the active tuberculosis group were significantly higher than those in the inactive tuberculosis(P <0.01 approximately 0.05). The serum levels of TNF-alpha sTNF-R Iota, IL-1beta and IL-6 and the TNF-alpha,/sTNF-R Iota ratio were significantly lower in cavernous tuberculosis than those in non- cavernous tuberculosis (P < 0.01 approximately 0.05). After 2 months' antituberculosis treatment, the serum levels of TNF-alpha,sTNF-R Iota IL-1 beta, IL-1R,IL-6, IL-6R and the TNF-alpha/sTNF-R Iota ratio in 15(15/17) cases were significantly lower than those before treatment(P < 0.01 approximately 0.05). CONCLUSIONS TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and their receptors may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis. Measuring the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors may be useful in evaluating the activity, the clinical pattern, and the prognosis of the disease and monitoring the clinical effect of antituberculous therapy.