呼吸训练在偏瘫病人康复训练中的作用

目的：探讨融入呼吸训练的牵伸韵律操在改善偏瘫患者肺功能、痉挛程度、运动功能及日常生活活动能力，提高日常生活质量方面的作用和意义。方法36例脑损伤偏瘫患者当坐位平衡达到三级、具有一定运动耐力时为常规康复治疗组（A组）和牵伸韵律操组（B组），A组继续接受常规康复治疗，B组在常规康复治疗的基础上，开始接受自行编排的融入呼吸训练的牵伸韵律操训练。分别在入组时（M0）、训练后1月（M1）、3月（M3）及6月（M6）时评定肺功能、痉挛程度、运动功能及日常生活活动能力。结果 M0、M1时两组上述四项评分相似，比较无统计学差异（ P＞0.05）。随着康复治疗时间延长在M3及M6时两组的同前比较四项评分变化明显，但B组明显好于A组（ P＜0.05）。结论基于神经发育疗法的基本理论，以运动控制和运动学习理论为指导编排了牵伸韵律操。在牵伸韵律操的训练过程中强调呼吸训练，训练以集体操的形式进行，融入了韵律和音乐等元素。通过大量的呼吸练习、反射性抑制自我牵伸、节律运动、体式转换等任务的练习，达到了通过改善肺功能而提高肌力、缓解痉挛的目的，从而改善了偏瘫患者的运动功能障碍，提高其日常生活能力。

The Effect of Respiratory Training on Rehabilitation Training of Patients with Hemiplegia

Objective To investigate into the drafting rhythm of breath training exercises the function and signifi -cance of hemiplegic patients with pulmonary function , spasticity , motor function and activities of daily living ability in improving and enhancing the quality of daily life.Methods 36 cases of brain injury patients with hemiplegia when sit-ting balance reached three , with a certain sport endurance for routine rehabilitation treatment group ( group A) and draw-ing rhythm exercise group ( group B) , group A to received conventional rehabilitation therapy , group B on the basis of conventional rehabilitation therapy and began to accept by our own choreography into drafting rhythm of breath training exercises.Respectively in the group (M0), after training in January (M1), March (M3) and June (M6) the evalua-tion of pulmonary function , spasticity, motor function and activities of daily living.Results M0, M1 of the two groups of the four were similar , and there was no significant difference ( P>0.05 ).Along with the rehabilitation treatment time prolonged in the M3 and M6 with two groups of four score changes significantly , but group B significantly better than that in group A ( P<0.05 ).Conclusions We based on the basic theory of neurodevelopmental therapy , in motor control and motor learning theory as a guide choreographed drafting rhythmic gymnastics.In the process of drafting rhythmic gymnastics training emphasis on breathing exercises and training in gymnastics , the elements into the rhythm and music.Through a lot of breathing exercises , reflex inhibit self drafting , rhythmic motion , style conversion task practice , achieves the purpose by improving lung function and im-prove muscle strength, relieve spasm, so as to improve the motor dysfunction in patients with hemiplegia and improve the daily life ability.