脊柱骨样骨瘤的影像学诊断

目的回顾性分析脊柱骨样骨瘤的影像学表现，以期提高对该病的认识。材料与方法收集经手术病理证实的脊柱骨样骨瘤6例，其中男性4例，女性2例，年龄范围为11-26岁。6例患者均进行了X线平片、CT及MRI检查。结果X线平片可见2例患者存在脊柱侧凸，侧凸顶椎均为病灶所在节段，病灶均偏向凹侧。3倒可见椎弓局限性骨质增生硬化改变。6例瘤巢在CT上均清楚显示，表现为边界清楚的类圆形透亮区，均有不同程度的钙化或骨化，瘤周伴不同程度的骨质硬化。MRI检出5例瘤巢，表现为T1WI中等信号，T2WI低信号，瘤周均可见4级的骨髓水肿（广泛骨髓水肿）及不同程度的周围软组织水肿。结论CT扫描是诊断脊柱骨样骨瘤的首选影像学检查方法，而MRI检查也助于可提示诊断。

The Imaging Findings of Spinal Osteoid Osteoma

Objective A retrospective evaluation of the imaging appearances of patient with a diagnosis of spinal osteoid osteoma was undertaken. Methods 6 cases of spinal osteoid osteoma proved by pathologic examination were collected. There were tour males and two females with an age range of 1 1-26 years. Available imaging included radiographs, CT and MRI. Results On radiographs, scoliosis was present in two and a sclerotic pedicle in 3 patients. The abnormal pedicle was consistently present at the apex of the concavity of the curve. On CT, a nidus was identified in all patients, which shows low-attenuation with central mineralization and varying degrees of perinidal sclerosis. MRI demonstrated the nidus in five patients. The nidus typically shows intermediate signal intensity on T1WI and hypointensity on T2WI with extensive oedema. Conclusion CT is the investigation method of choice to demonstrate and localise osteoid osteoma, and the MRI findings are helpful to suggest the diagnosis of this entities.