原发性闭角型青光眼单侧急性发作对侧眼激光虹膜周边切除术后随访研究

背景对于有房角关闭高危因素的眼，激光虹膜周边切除术（LPI）是首选的治疗方法，但可疑原发性房角关闭患者行LPI术后2年内仍有28％发生房角关闭，因此有必要了解影响LPI术后疗效的相关因素。目的观察原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）急性发作眼的对侧眼行LPI后眼压及房角变化情况，分析与手术疗效相关的影响因素。方法回顾性分析单侧急性发作史的PACG患者（≥40岁）87例87眼，其对侧眼接受LPI，于术后1周，3、6、9、12个月随访眼压，并在裂隙灯下使用压陷式Goldmann单面房角镜观察LPI后颞、鼻、上、下各象限房角开放情况并按Shaffer房角分级标准记录，同时观察周边同位性房角关闭（AAC）范围以及周边房角黏连范围，与术前值进行比较。手术成功标准为：术后眼压在未使用药物情况下保持在6～21mmHg；并未出现青光眼特征性视神经病变及相应的视野缺损；无需任何抗青光眼药物或手术治疗。对影响LPI成功率的因素进行Cox多因素逐步回归分析。结果共完成随访并纳入分析79例79眼，其中男33例（41．8％），女46例（58．2％），年龄（61．4±0．4）岁。手术前后6个组眼压差异的总体比较差异有统计学意义（F=4．056，P〈0．01），LPI术后各时间点的眼压均较术前降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。房角除下方之外各象限及平均Shaffer级别有所增加，LPI术后1周、3个月和6个月与术前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；术后1周和3个月AAC范围较术前缩小，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而术后6、9、12个月的AAC范围与术前比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后1年LPI成功者61例（77．2％），术前眼压、房角各象限及平均Shaffer级别、AAC范围在LPI手术成功与失败病例之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Cox逐步回归分析发现，AAC范围与LPI生存率之间具有相关性（Wald=48．150，RR=1．963，P〈0．01），而术前眼压、房角各象限及平均Shaffer级别、年龄、性别与LPI生存率无明显相关性（P〉0．05）。结论PACG急性发作眼的对侧眼行LPI后可使房角增宽、眼压降低，术后成功率与术前AAC的范围有关，提示在考虑术前ACC范围条件下，LPI可以更有效地预防房角关闭的发生。

Follow-up of laser peripheral iridotomy in fellow eyes with unilateral acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma

Background Laser peripheral iridotomy(LPI) is used as the primary therapy for the eyes at risk of angle closure.But there are still 28% eyes with primary angle closure suspect occur angle closure within 2 years after LPI.It is necessary to explore the associated factors of the efficacy of LPI.Objective The aim of this study was to explore the changes of intraocular pressure(IOP) and anterior chamber angle in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and analyze the relevant factors influencing the successful rate of LPI.Methods Eighty-seven fellow eyes received LPI from 87 patients with unilateral acute attack of PACG were included in this study and retrospectively analyzed.The IOP and gonioscopy were performed before and 1 week,3,6,9,12 months after LPI.Successful signs of LPI were defined as an IOP 6-21mmHg without any anti-glaucoma medication,none of glaucomatous neuropathy and the coincident visual field loss,and no need of additional glaucomatous medication or surgery.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of the First Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient.Results Seventy-nine eyes of 79 cases finished the medical visit throughout the follow-up duration with the age 61.4±0.4 years and 33(41.8%) males and 46(58.2%) females.The mean IOP was lowed in various time points after LPI in comparison with before operation with the general difference among different time visiting groups(F=4.056,P＜0.01).Shaffer grade was increased in superior,temporal and nasal quadrants and significant differences were found between 1 week group,3 months group or 6 months group and before operation group (P＜0.05).LPI lessened the range of appositional angle closure (AAC) in postoperative 1 week group and 3 months group compared with pre-operative group (P＜0.05),but no statistically significant reduce was seen in range of AAC from 6 months through 12 months after LPI in comparison with pre-operation (P＞0.05).LPI was determined as successful in 61 cases (77.2%) during one-year fellow-up period.Several variables,such as preoperative IOP,Shaffer grade of each quadrant,mean Shaffer grade and the extent of AAC,were significantly different between LPI success and failure group(P＜0.01).Cox stepwise regression analysis found that the success rate was significantly associated with the extent of AAC (Wald=48.150,RR=1.963,P＜0.01) rather than pre-IOP,Shaffer grade of each quadrant,mean Shaffer grade,age and gender (P＞0.05).Conclusion LPI can widen the anterior chamber angle and low IOP in the fellow eyes of PACG attack eyes.The success rate of LPI is associated with the extent of pre-AAC,suggesting that it is necessary for LPI in consideration of the extent of pre-AAC.