Central chemoreceptor stimulus in the terrestrial,pulmonate snail,Helix aspersa |
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| Institution: | 1. Departmen of Physiology, Borwell Building, Dartmouth Medical School, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA;2. Department of Medicine, Borwell Buildingm Dartmouth Medical School, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA;1. Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China;2. China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Corporation Ltd, Chengdu, China;3. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi''an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China;4. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China;1. The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China;1. Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues, Biological Engineering Department, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia;2. Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to the Improvement of Cultures, Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia;3. Laboratory of Analysis Valorisation and Food Safety, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia;4. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63178, Clermont-Ferrand, France |
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| Abstract: | We studied the effect of hypercapnic and fixed acid central chemoreceptor stimulation on the pneumostone in the pulmonate snail, Helix aspersa. We found that focal stimulation of the central chemoreceptor area of the pulmonate snail brain with hypercapnic solutions more effectively increased the pneumostonal area than did fixed acid stimulation at the same extracellular pH. Disrupting intracellular pH regulation by inhibiting Cl− transport, either pharmacologically (DIDS) or by ion substitution (Cl−-free perfusate), enhanced pneumostomal responses to CO2. While maintaining a constant perfusate pH, addition of NH4Cl to the perfusate resulted in pneumostomal closure; whereas removal of NH4Cl from the bath resulted in pneumostomal opening. In conclusion, the ventilatory response to CO2 in H. aspersa does not require Cl− transport or conductance. Furthermore, changing pHi alone is an adequate stimulus for the central chemoreceptors in the snail. |
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