潜艇人员潜航期间泪膜变化调查

目的 探讨潜艇人员潜航时眼睛的舒适情况及泪膜的变化规律.方法 选择某出航潜艇艇员38人(76眼),调查潜航当天、第7、第14、第21、第28天眼痒、眼干涩感、眼异物感、眼部疼痛、眼疲劳感的例数并进行泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)、基础泪液分泌试验(ST)及泪河高度测量.结果 潜航当天、第7、第14、第21、第28天跟部不适例数分别为1例(2眼)、5例(10眼)、8例(15眼)、15例(30眼)、27例(54眼);BUT在潜航当天、第7、第14、第21、第28天分别为16.25、12.03、10.37、8.75、7.03 s(和当天比较均P<0.01);ST则分别为17.56、13.85、11.03、10.75、9.47 mm(和当天比较均P<0.01);而FL及泪河高度则分别为2.58、3.55、3.76、4.01、4.55 mm(和当天比较均P<0.01)及0.65、0.53、0.48、0.40、0.38 mm(和当天比较均P<0.01).结论 随着潜航时间的延长,潜艇人员眼部不适情况随之增加,并出现泪膜不稳定和干眼症;预防和治疗干眼症对保障潜艇人员的工作效率有重要作用.

Investigation of the changes in tear membrane in submariners during submerged deployment

Objective To investigate submariners' tear membrane and sense of eye comfort during submergence. Methods Thirty eight submariners (76 eyes) were chosen for the study. Number of cases experiencing discomfort, such as itching, pain, sense of dryness, sense of foreign object and sense of eye fatigue was inquired on 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after submergence. Results Number of cases experiencing sense of discomfort: itching, pain, sense of dryness, or sense of grittiness, or sensation of fatigue was 1 (2 eyes), 5 cases (10 eyes), 8 cases (15 eyes), 15 cases (30 eyes) and 27 cases (54 eyes) respectively on 1, 7, 14, 21,28 days after submergence. Tear membrane break up time (BUT) was 16.25 s on the first day, and 12.03, 10.37, 8.75, 7.03 s on 7, 14, 21, 28 days respectively (compared with that of the first day, P<0.01). Tear secretion tests (ST) were 17.56, 13.85, 11.03, 10.75, 9.47 mm respectively (compared with that of the first day,P <0.01) on 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days. Corneal fluorescent labeling (FL) was 2.58, 3.55, 3.76, 4.01, 4.55 respectively on 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days (compared with that of the first day,P<0.01). The height of lacrimal river was measured to be 0.65, 0.53, 0.48, 0.40, 0.38 mm respectively (compared with that of the first day,P < 0.01). Conclusions With the extension of submerged deployment, cases of eye discomfort increased, and instability of tear membrane and sense of dryness developed. The prevention and treatment of eye dryness was important for maintaining the welfare and working efficiency of submariners.