呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌临床检验研究

目的 研究呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌临床检验措施。方法 选取2018年2月~2019年2月在我中心治疗的80例呼吸道感染患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，各40例。对照组采用常规痰液收集与检验，观察组在常规检验基础上，给予相应的检验质控措施，比较两组病原性细菌检验的总检出率以及病原菌分布情况。结果 观察组病原性细菌总检出率为100.00%（革兰阴性菌70.00%、革兰阳性菌12.50%、真菌17.50%），高于对照组的67.50%（革兰阴性菌52.50%、革兰阳性菌5.00%、真菌10.00%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；病原菌分布革兰阴性菌以铜绿假单胞菌与肺炎克雷伯菌最为常见，革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌最常见。结论 呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌临床检验中，加强的检验质控措施，可提高病原性细菌检出率。革兰阴性菌、真菌是诱发呼吸道感染患者的关键病原性细菌，临床可依据药敏结果合理选择抗生素。

Clinical Study on Pathogenic Bacteria in Patients with Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective To study the clinical test measures for pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory tract infections. Methods 80 patients with respiratory infections who were treated in our center from February 2018 to February 2019 were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, 40 cases in each group. The control group was collected and tested by conventional sputum. The observation group was given the corresponding quality control measures on the basis of routine test. The total detection rate and pathogen distribution of the two groups of pathogenic bacteria were compared. Results The total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in the observation group was 100.00% (70.00% for Gram-negative bacteria, 12.50% for Gram-positive bacteria, 17.50% for fungi), which was higher than 67.50% of the control group(Gram-negative bacteria 52.50%, Gram-positive bacteria 5.00%, fungi 10.00%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); pathogen distribution Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae commonly, Gram-positive bacteria are most common with Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion In the clinical examination of pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory tract infections, enhanced quality control measures can improve the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria and fungi are the key pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory tract infections. Clinically, antibiotics can be reasonably selected based on drug susceptibility results.