2016年天津市滨海新区塘沽居民死亡现况及去死因期望寿命分析

目的:了解2016年天津市滨海新区塘沽居民死亡水平、死亡原因构成及主要死因在不同性别、不同年龄人群中的分布情况，并分析去除主要死因后期望寿命的增加情况。方法:收集2016年滨海新区塘沽居民全死因登记资料，按照国际疾病分类ICD-10确定根本死因及分类编码，利用SAS统计软件包、中国疾病预防控制中心开发的DeathReg 2005软件及预期寿命管理系统完成数据的统计分析。结果:2016年滨海新区塘沽居民粗死亡率为664.43/10万，男性粗死亡率为730.05/10万，女性粗死亡率为593.91/10万。慢性非传染性疾病是滨海新区塘沽居民的主要死因，占91.47%。多数疾病的男性死亡率显著高于女性死亡率。心脏病、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病所导致的死亡80%以上都发生在65岁以上。肿瘤所导致的死亡约2/3发生在65岁以上，约1/3发生在15~64岁。去死因期望寿命增长最多的前3位疾病分别是心脏病、肿瘤、脑血管病，分别增加5.52岁、4.04岁、2.72岁。结论:慢性非传染性疾病严重威胁滨海新区塘沽居民健康，迫切需要采取有效措施遏制其发展。

Analysis on causes of death and cause-eliminated life expectancy in residents of Tanggu in Tianjin, 2016

Objective: To explore mortality rate, main causes of death and cause eliminated life expectancy in Tanggu residents in 2016. Methods: The death registry data of Tanggu residents in 2016 were collected. The underlying causes of death and classification codes were identified according to “International Classification of Disease, 10th edition”. These data were analyzed using SAS statistical software, DeathReg 2005 software and life expectancy management system. Results: In 2016, the crude death rate of Tanggu residents was 664.43/100 000, and it was 730.05/100 000 in men and 593.91/100 000 in women, respectively. The main cause of death in Tanggu was chronic non-communicable diseases, accounting for 91.47%. The mortality of most diseases in male was higher than in female. More than 80% of the deaths caused by heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and respiratory diseases occurred in the age group over 65 years old. About 2/3 of the deaths caused by tumors occurred after the age of over 65 years, and 1/3 occurred between the age of 15 to 64 years. The top three life expectancy lost diseases were heart disease, tumor, and cerebrovascular disease, with a 5.52 years, 4.04 years, and 2.72 years life increases after elimination of these death causes, respectively. Conclusion: Chronic non-communicable diseases were the major reason for death and life expectancy lost disease in Tanggu residents, and it is urgent to take effective measures to controlit it.