肺癌患者血浆检测肿瘤标志物的分析方法及展望

非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者进行靶向治疗前需要鉴定多种生物标志物，包括EGFR、ALK、ROS-1和PD-L1，通常经手术、穿刺等途径获取样本。液体检测是目前新兴的肿瘤标记物检测方法，它可以从血浆中提取出循环系统中的肿瘤DNA（ctDNA），具有低风险、取样简单、术后不适感少等优点。常用的液体活检方法有定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）、数字PCR技术、新一代测序技术（NGS）。本文简要地阐述了上述分析方法的研究进展及未来应用方向。

Analytical Methods and Prospects of Plasma Detection of Tumor Markers in Patients with Lung Cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients need to identify a variety of biomarkers, including EGFR, ALK, ROS-1 and PD-L1, before they are targeted. Usually, the samples are obtained by surgery, puncture and other means. Liquid detection is an emerging method for detecting tumor markers. It can extract tumor DNA (ctDNA) from the circulatory system from plasma, and has the advantages of low risk, simple sampling, and less postoperative discomfort. Commonly used liquid biopsy methods are quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), digital PCR technology, and next-generation sequencing technology (NGS). This paper briefly describes the research progress and future application directions of the above analytical methods.