天津市津南区2015~2018年儿童流感病原学监测结果分析

目的 对天津市津南区2015~2018年儿童流感病原学监测资料进行分析，为儿童流感的预防提供依据。方法 采集2015~2018年津南区流感监测哨点医院流感样病例（ILI）患儿的咽拭子标本，采用实时荧光定量PCR进行流感病毒检测，对不同流感病毒的流行进行型别和年龄分布的统计学分析。结果 共采集1783份0~14岁ILI患儿咽拭子标本，核酸阳性549份，阳性率为30.79%。季节性甲型H1N1、季节性H3型、B（Victoria）系（BV）、B（Yamaga-ta）系（BY）病毒交替流行。不同年龄组病毒阳性率呈显著上升又下降趋势，以6~8岁年龄组阳性率最高数（41.90%），其次为3~5岁年龄组（35.37%）。结论 天津市津南区2015~2018年儿童流感流行高峰主要在冬春季节，优势毒株交替流行出现。应重视季节性甲型H1N1流感病毒对儿童健康的影响，加强对学龄儿童的流感防控工作。

Analysis on the Results of Pathogen Surveillance of Children's Influenza inJinnan District of Tianjin from 2015 to 2018

Abstract:Objective To analyze the data of childhood influenza pathogens in Jinnan District of Tianjin from 2015 to 2018, and to provide evidence for prevention of childhood influenza. Methods The throat swab specimens of children with influenza-like illness (ILI) in Jinnan District Influenza Surveillance Sentinel Hospital from 2015 to 2018 were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR was used for influenza virus detection. The influenza type and age distribution of different influenza viruses were collected statistical analysis. Results A total of 1783 samples of throat swabs from 0 to 14 years old children with ILI were collected. The positive rate of nucleic acid was 549, and the positive rate was 30.79%. Seasonal H1N1, seasonal H3, B (Victoria) (BV), and B (Yamaga-ta) (BY) viruses alternate. The positive rate of virus in different age groups showed a significant increase and decrease trend, with the highest positive rate in the 6~8 years old group (41.90%), followed by the 3~5 years old age group (35.37%). Conclusion The peak of childhood influenza in Jinnan District of Tianjin from 2015 to 2018 is mainly in winter and spring, and dominant strains appear alternately. Attention should be paid to the impact of seasonal influenza A H1N1 influenza virus on children's health and the prevention and control of influenza in school-age children.