The lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus capsid protein is a nuclear–cytoplasmic protein |
| |
Authors: | Hakimeh Mohammadi Shayan Sharif Raymond R. Rowland Dongwan Yoo |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada;(2) Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;(3) Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Arteriviruses replicate in the cytoplasm and do not require the nucleus function for virus multiplication in vitro. However, nucleocapsid (N) protein of two arteriviruses, porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus and equine arteritis virus, has been observed to localize in the nucleus and nucleolus of virus-infected and N-gene-transfected cells in addition to their normal cytoplasmic distribution. In the present study, the N protein of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) of mice was examined for nuclear localization. The subcellular localization of LDV-N was determined by tagging N with enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) at the N- and C-terminus. Both N-EGFP and EGFP-N fusion proteins localized to the nucleus and nucleolus of gene-transfected cells. Labeled N also accumulated in the perinuclear region, the site of virus replication. The LDV-N sequence contains a putative ‘pat4’-type nuclear localization signal (NLS) consisting of 38-KKKK. To determine its functional significance, a series of deletion constructs of N were generated and individually expressed in cells. The results showed that the ‘pat4’ NLS was essential for nuclear translocation. In addition, the LDV-N interacted with the importin-α and -β proteins, suggesting that the LDV-N nuclear localization may occur via the importin-mediated nuclear transport pathway. These results provide further evidence for the nuclear localization of N as a common feature within the arteriviruses. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|