对HIV p24抗原酶联免疫诊断试剂的初步评价

目的 对人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）p24抗原酶联免疫诊断试剂进行初步评价。方法 用实时荧光PCR、ELISA、Western Blotting等方法检测来源于中国不同地区的124份血浆样品的HIVRNA、HIV p24、抗-HIV抗体，并对部分样品进行HIV基因分型。结果 9例HIV抗体阴性样品中有1例HIV p24抗原阳性，证明为窗口期感染；9例HIV抗体不确定者中有2例为HIV p24抗原阳性；103例HIV抗体确证为阳性者中有8例为p24抗原阳性；3例HIV抗体酶联免疫检测为阳性但确证试剂检测为阴性的样品中，均无p24抗原阳性者。结论 HIV p24抗原检测可以检出HIV感染的窗口期，且可以辅助HIV抗体检测试剂对HIV感染的诊断。

Primary Evaluation of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay on the Detection of HIV p24 Antigen

Objective To evaluate primarily HIV-1 p24 ELISA regeat. Methods 124 plasma samples from different regions of China were tested for HIV RNA,HIV p24 antigen and anti-HIV antibodies with real-time PCR,ELISA and Western Blotting. Results 1 of 9 HIV antibody negative samples detected with ELISA was positive for p24 antigen. This case was confirmed to be in window period of HIV infection. 2 of 9 HIV antibody indetermined samples were positive for p24 antigen. 8 of 103 HIV antibody confirmed positive samples were positive for p24 antigen. None of 3 HIV antibody confirmed negative samples with HIV antibody positive by ELISA was positive for p24 antigen. Conclusion HIV p24 antigen can be detected in the window period and could be useful mark to confirm the diagnosis of HIV infection.