神经特异性烯醇化酶及嗅标记蛋白在不同胎龄胎儿嗅黏膜中的表达

目的　探讨神经特异性烯醇化酶 (neuron specificenolase ,NSE)及嗅标记蛋白 (olfactorymarkerprotein ,OMP)在不同胎龄胎儿嗅黏膜中的表达。方法　以免疫组化方法检测NSE及OMP在1 2、1 6、2 0、2 4、2 8和 34周 6例不同胎龄胎儿嗅黏膜中的表达。结果　NSE免疫阳性反应在孕 1 2～ 34周的胎儿嗅黏膜中均有表达 ,各胎龄胎儿嗅黏膜切片中均可见大量阳性着色的双极嗅神经细胞。孕1 2周时 ,阳性细胞数量很多 ,排列紧密 ,胞体多位于嗅上皮中下部且阳性嗅神经上皮占据胎儿鼻腔上2 /3的黏膜 ,随着孕龄的增大 ,阳性细胞逐渐成多层次排列 ,所占鼻腔黏膜面积却逐渐减小 ,至孕 34周时 ,仅局限于鼻腔上 1 /3黏膜。OMP免疫反应在孕 1 2周胎儿鼻腔上 2 /3黏膜切片中仅发现少量阳性着色的双极神经细胞 ,明显少于同龄胎儿NSE阳性反应细胞。随着胎龄的增加 ,OMP阳性细胞逐渐增多 ,且胞体多位于嗅上皮中上部 ,但其数量仍相对少于同龄NSE阳性细胞。结论　人胚胎 1 2周时嗅黏膜中已有大量的嗅神经细胞 ,其中少数嗅神经细胞已开始发育成熟。随着胎龄的增大 ,嗅上皮面积逐渐缩小 ,但成熟的嗅神经细胞逐渐增多 ,胚胎发育后期的胎儿嗅化学感受器发育已趋于成熟

Expression of neuron-specific enolase and ofactory marker protein in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses

Objective To study the expression of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and ofactory marker protein (OMP) in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses Method The expression of NSE and OMP in the olfactory mucosa of 6 human fetuses (12,16,20,24,28 and 34 weeks) was studied using the technique of immunohistochemistry Results NSE immunological positive reactions were seen in all 6 fetal mucosa from gestational 12 (G12) to G34, with plenty of positive stained dual pole neuron cells At G12, the positive cells aligned tightly, the cell bodies were localized in the lower portion of olfactory epithelium and the positive stained area occupied upper 2/3 of fetal nasal mucosa With the development, the positive cells gradually became multilayer,but the density and the relative area of positive cells reduced. At G34,the positive cells were located only in upper 1/3 of nasal mucosa OMP positive reactions were localized in a few dual pole neurons at G12, the number was much less than NSE positive cells in the same fetus With the development, the OMP positive cells gradually increased with most of the cell bodies located in the upper portion of epithelium ,but number still relatively less than the NSE positive cells at the same age Conclusion At G12,there were lots of olfactory neuron in the olfactory mucosa and only a few olfactory neurons had became mature With the development, the olfactory epithelial area reduced but the number of mature olfactory neurons increased At the last trimester, fetal olfactory sensor was almost matured