国际疾病分类体系概述及其对战伤分类信息标识体系设计的启示

国际疾病分类体系（ICD）是由世界卫生组织（WHO）依据疾病特征，按照特定分类规则，对疾病信息以字母和数字代码进行表达的体系。ICD构建了国际统一的疾病分类信息的标准，构成了全球医疗健康数据的基础，推动了全球医疗信息应用，在国际上得到了广泛使用，并根据应用需求不断进行完善升级。与此同时，ICD在军事领域也得到了较为普遍的应用，例如，美军将ICD融入其卫勤保障体系中，在提升战伤救治质量、优化卫勤决策方面发挥了基础性的积极作用。ICD最新版本ICD-11具有先进科学的基础模型系统以及较为完善的内容体系，在军事领域应用方面具有一定的优势。因此，我军应在整合现有成果的基础上，吸收借鉴ICD发展和外军应用实践的经验，针对战伤分类信息标识应用的实际需求，构建完善的战伤分类信息标识体系，提升战伤分类的先进性和科学性，为未来的军事斗争卫勤准备提供有力支撑。

Overview of the International Classification of Diseases and its implications for the design of the information identification system for combat injury classification

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a system in which the World Health Organization (WHO) expresses disease information in letters and numbers according to disease characteristics and specific classification rules. ICD has constructed an internationally unified standard for disease classification and constituted the basis of global medical health data, which promotes the application of comprehensive medical information. Being widely used in the world, ICD has been continuously improved and upgraded according to application needs. At the same time, ICD has also been commonly used in the military field. For example, the U.S. military has integrated ICD into its medical support system, which has played a fundamental and active role in improving war injury treatment and optimizing medical decision-making. With an advanced scientific basic model system and a relatively complete content system, ICD-11, the latest version of ICD, has certain advantages in military applications. Therefore, to provide strong support for the future health service preparation for military struggle, we should learn from the experience of ICD development and foreign military application based on integrating the existing achievements, improve the advancedness and scientificity of battle injury classification, and construct a comprehensive information marking system for battle injury classification according to the actual demand of the application.