凋亡相关基因 bcl-2、bax、bad与乳腺癌

目的探讨乳腺癌发生、发展过程中bcl-2、bax及bad基因表达水平变化及与乳腺癌其他生物因素的相关性。方法复习国内、外相关文献并进行综述。结果在从正常乳腺组织到乳腺癌逐渐演化的过程中凋亡抑制基因bcl-2的表达水平变化尚有待进一步研究,而凋亡促进基因bax、bad的表达水平呈递减趋势。bcl-2基因表达水平与乳腺癌中一些公认的正性因子如雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)呈正相关,与其他一些负性因子如p53、表皮生长因子受体、c-erbB-2、腋窝淋巴结转移情况等呈负相关。bax基因的表达水平与乳腺癌ER、PR水平以及p53表达水平等无关。对于bad基因与乳腺癌其他生物因素的相关性尚未见报道。结论乳腺癌中bcl-2基因表达水平的变化对乳腺癌预后以及治疗的作用尚存在争议,bad基因与乳腺癌预后的关系亦不清楚,而bax基因表达水平与乳腺癌的预后呈正相关。对于它们的研究将为我们评价乳腺癌的预后提供新的指标,为乳腺癌的治疗开辟新的思路。

Apoptosis Related Gene bcl-2, bax, bad and Breast Cancer

Objective To review the relationship between the expression levels of bcl-2,bax and bad gene and other biological factors of breast cancer in the growth and development of breast cancer.Methods Related literatures were summarized and reviewed.Results The expression level change of antiapoptosis gene bcl-2 was still under research and the expression levels of apoptosis gene bax and bad were down-regulated progressively in the evolution from benign breast tissue to breast cancer tissue.The expression level of bcl-2 had positive correlation with some positive factors in breast cancer such as estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR),while it had negative correlation with some negative factors such as p53,EGFR,c-erbB-2 and lymph node metastasis.The levels of ER,PR and the expression level of p53 of breast cancer had no relationship with the expression level of bax.Up to now there was no report about the relationship between the expression level of bad and other biological factors of breast cancer.Conclusion The role of altered expression level of bcl-2,in the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer is still controversial,and the relationship between the expression of bad and the prognosis of breast cancer is still unknown,but expression level of bax is correlated positively with the prognosis of breast cancer.Research on these genes can provide us some new index to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer and new ideas on treatment of breast cancer including gene therapy.