从载人航天航天员主着陆场的医疗救护谈现场急救新理论的可行性

目的 探讨我国载人航天首飞航天员主着陆场的医疗卫勤保障的经验，验证现场急诊医学新理论的可行性。方法 回顾与分析国外有关航天员曾经发生的意外伤害资料并分析其原因，结合我们首次载人航天航天员的医疗保障和数十次医疗救护演练的经验，并参考国内外相关资料，提出有效的防治预案，验证现场急诊医学新理论的可行性。结果 针对首飞载人航天航天员可能发生意外伤害的原因，创新地把一个高质量的ICU全天候前移至草原上、沙漠里，载体是载人航天医疗救护直升机及医疗救护车，可以确保意外情况下航天员的安全。创造了反应速度第一，技术装备第一。使救治规则、卫勤保障原则更趋于合理，抢救成功率更高。结论 载人航天医疗保障系统在装备、方案、试验等方面能完全满足安全性的要求。航天员主着陆场的医疗卫勤保障工作能够体现急救医学“快速反应，立体救护”的理念。

Experience in first-aid for first Chinese astronaut in landing site proves the feasibility of new concept emergency treatment

Objective To discuss the experience of medical care and rescue of the first Chinese astronaut in landing area, that could prove the feasibility of new concept emergency treatment. Methods In term of data from the foreign nations, together with accidental injuries of astronauts in human aerospace flight, the possible reasons and brought forward a reasonable and effective prophylactic measurements and treatment methods for the accidental injuries of aerospace flight. Results We established an effective mobile ICU on desert or steppe that could ensure the safety of the first Chinese astronaut. The carriers of ICU were helicopter and ambulance. Fine armature made us more effective. Conclusions Effective prophylactic and first-aid measures are the important aspect of the successful manned aerospace flight. The first-aid system for accidental injury of astronaut can realize the destination of swift response and air-and-ground first-aid.